NutriClaim BV, The Netherlands
Diet-microbiome interactions may be moderators of human metabolism. Does this mean that with the ingestion of a capsule with the mix of the relevant strains we can colonize our gut with beneficial organisms that prevent us from obesity, cancer, cardiovascular or metabolic diseases are obesity type 2 diabetes, ect….?
This question will be considered and the hypothesis of the “dietary fiber gap” is proposed to (partly) explain the (causal?) relationship between the loss of diversity of the gut microbiome and the incidence of “modern diseases”, like obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Implications for public health messages will be discussed.
Biography:
Stoffer has acquired a BSc-degree in Tropical Agriculture at the Royal Dutch College for Tropical Agriculture (Deventer, the Netherlands, was trained a Nutritionist (MSc) at Wageningen University (1992) and has obtained his PhD in Medical Sciences/Immunology at the Academic Medical Centre of the University of Amsterdam/ (1998). Following a career in the food supplement industry as science communicator and health educator he founded NutriClaim in 2007 (www.nutriclaim.com), providing specialist services pertaining to the scientific substantiation of health claims made on food, and marketing authorization of Novel Foods in the EU. Currently, Stoffer is also Work Package Leader in the EU FP7-funded project “MyNewGut”.
Microbiome Labs, USA
Dietary or metabolic endotoxemia is a condition that affects approximately 1/3 of individuals living in Western society. It is characterized by increased serum endotoxin concentration during the first five hours of the post-prandial period following consumption of a meal with a high-fat, high-calorie content. Long-term repeated dietary endotoxemia may increase the risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases. Of the available treatments, oral probiotic supplementation has been purported to reduce gastrointestinal permeability to endotoxin, which in theory should suppress the dietary endotoxin response. The purpose of this study was to determine if 30-d of oral probiotic supplementation could reduce post-prandial dietary endotoxemia in “responder” subjects. Apparently healthy men and women (N=75) were screened for post-prandial dietary endotoxemia. Subjects whose serum endotoxin concentration increased by at least 5-fold from pre-meal levels at 5-h post-prandial were considered “responders” and were randomized to receive either placebo (rice flour) or multi-strain probiotic supplement (Bacillus indicus (H36), Bacillus subtilis (H58), Bacillus coagulans, and Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus clausii) for 30-d. The dietary endotoxemia test was repeated at the conclusion of the supplementation period. Dietary endotoxin (LAL) and triglycerides (enzymatic) were measured using an automated chemistry analyzer. Serum disease risk biomarkers were measured using bead-based multiplex assays as secondary, exploratory measures. Data were statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and a P < 0.05. We found that probiotic supplementation was associated with a 42% reduction in endotoxin (P=0.011) and 24% reduction in triglyceride (P=0.004) in post-prandial period Placebo subjects presented with a 36% increase in endotoxin and 5% decrease in triglycerides over the same post-prandial period. We also found that probiotic supplementation was associated with significant post-prandial reductions in IL-12p70 (P=0.017), IL-1β (P=0.020), and ghrelin (P=0.017) compared to placebo subjects. The key findings of the present study, were that oral probiotic supplementation reduced responses that were consistent with “leaky gut syndrome” and transient reductions in chronic/metabolic disease risk.
Biography:
Thomas Bayne is a chiropractic physician who specializes in nutritional therapies and is an international expert in digestive health and detoxification. His philosophy addresses the relationship between structure and function of the human body and how that translates into your best health. He has over 20 years of experience in natural health and medicine. Thomas Bayneʼs passion for holistic medicine led him to Europe, where he had executive roles at two top natural health companies. As international marketing director for one of Europeʼs leading food supplement manufacturers, Dr. Bayneʼs responsibilities included formulating supplements based on specific patient conditions, lecturing on his clinical experiences, research that supported natural medicines and developing educational materials for physicians and pharmacies. He has developed over 35 highly successful and effective products that are sold directly to physicians. Dr. Bayneʼs 20 years of clinical experience combined with his extensive knowledge in product development has led to the development of MegaSporeBiotic®.
University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
Introduction: Many Lactobacillus species have been successfully used in clinical trials to treat diarrhea in children. However, mechanisms underlying anti-diarrheal effects of probiotics are not well understood. Recent studies from our group have shown that certain lactobacillus and bifidobacterial species upregulated electrolyteabsorption in the intestine. Since Intestinal epithelial apical membrane NHE3 (Na+/H+ exchanger 3) and DRA (Down Regulated in Adenoma, a key Cl-/HCO3- exchanger) play key roles in mediating intestinal electroneutral NaCl absorption, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) in counteracting NHE3 and DRA inhibition and ameliorating diarrhea in a model of C rodentium infection and DSS induced colitis.
Methods: FVBN mice challenged with C. rodentium (1x109 CFU) with or without administration of live LA (3x109 CFU) were assessed for NHE3 and DRA mRNA and protein expressio, mRNA levels of carbonic anhydrase, diarrheal phenotype (assessed by colonic weight/length ratio), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and proinflammatory cytokines. For colitis studies, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS in drinking water for 7 days) was used to induce colitis in C57BL/6J mice.
Results: LA counteracted C. rodentium-induced inhibition of colonic DRA, NHE3 and carbonic anhydrase I and IV expression, attenuated diarrheal phenotype and MPO activity. Further, LA completely blocked C. rodentium induction of IL-1β, IFN-γ and CXCL1 mRNA and C. rodentium-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Oral gavage of live LA also showed evident alleviation of inflammatory state by reducing the weight loss, decreased colon length and colon weight in both the models. Also the inflammation as well as the decrease in DRA mRNA and protein levels caused by DSS colitis was blocked by LA.
Conclusions: Our data provide mechanistic insights into anti-diarrheal and anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics in models of infectious and chemical injury colitis.
Biography:
Dr. Dudeja is a Professor of Physiology in the Department of Medicine at University of Illinois at Chicago and a Senior Research career Scientist at the Jesse Brown VA Medical Center. His group focuses on pathophysiology of diarrheal diseases as it pertains to infectious & IBD associated diarrhea and to develop better therapeutic interventions. His recent studies have focused on defining the mechanisms underlying potential antidiarrheal effects of probiotics. He has published about ~220 original articles and has been supported by multiple grants from NIH and the Department of Veterans affairs. He serves as an Editor for “Intestinal Absorption” for Comprehensive Physiology journal and on many editorial boards including: Gastroenterology, Amer. J. of Physiol., Physiological reports and Cell. & Mol. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. He has also served on many peer review committees including National Iinstitute for Health, and Department of Veterans Affairs, USA. He has been honored by Mario Toppo Distinguished Scientist Award from the ASIOA (Assoc. of Scientists of Indian Origin in America) and is a winner of Takeda Distinguished Scientist Award of American Physiological Society for 2018. These awards honor life-time achievements of Dr. Dudeja in the area of gut-microbe interactions in pathophysiology of diarrheal diseases.
TargEDys, France
TargEDys is a French biotech company aiming to control metabolic disease by modulating the appetite through an intervention on the microbiome. TargEDysʼ innovative, satiety inducing technology (ProbioSatys), is based on a unique understanding of appetite regulation at the molecular level. Bacteria can send signals of satiety to the brain from the gut by molecularly mimicking satiety hormones, thus activating natural satiety pathways. This gut-brain axis is the bidirectional communication between the central and enteric nervous systems, linking the emotional and cognitive centres of the brain with peripheral intestinal functions. Gut bacteria are very important in influencing these interactions.
The basis of TargEDysʼ ProbioSatys technology is a commensal, enterobacteria probiotic strain, Hafnia alvei, that produces the ClpB protein. ClpB is a mimetic of the satiety hormone (α-MSH) that regulates food behaviour at both peripheral and central levels. When released, ClpB directly stimulates the intestinal enteroendocrine L-cells to produce satiety hormones. ClpB also enters the bloodstream to act on satiety regulation in the central nervous system by mimicking α-MSH. The resulting effect is the feeling of satiety or fullness after a meal. The mechanism of Hafnia has been proven preclinically in vitro and in vivo and is currently being tested in humans. This probiotic will be launched as a food supplement in April 2019. The preclinical results indicate that after 3 months of treatment customers can expect to safely lose 3-5% of their body weight, see a 5-10% reduction in food intake, improved body composition and activation of lipolysis.
Biography:
Gregory LAMBERT is a Pharmacist and has a Ph.D. in pharmaceutical technology, Gregory LAMBERT carrier is split between Biotech and Pharma where he occupied the positions of Chief Scientific Officer and Chief Executive Officer in companies such as Novagali Pharma, Septodont and currently TargEDys.
He drove the development of several products from the laboratory to market authorizations.
In 2014, Gregory joined the scientific founders of TargEDys as CEO. Having completed its preclinical development and produced industrial batches, TargEDys now concentrates on human clinical trials and commercial launch activities.
TNO, Netherlands
Nutrition is a major determinant for health and health is extremely important for all people. This means that there is value in making it possible that consumers can eat healthily with ease. The consumer of the future will have increased opportunities to choose according to their personal needs and demands by using self-generated data and technology via smart business models. Buzzwords to describe this development are the empowered consumer and information literacy. Healthy products and especially novel services that help consumers make the best choice will be a big part of this value chain. This is true both for healthy consumers and people that are under medical treatment because sometimes food is the best medicine. The evolving science of microbe-host interaction can be used to add value to consumers via novel products and services.
Biography:
Nard Clabbers Senior Business Developer – Personalised Nutrition and Health, TNO Healthy Living. At TNO, he has set up a large international research consortium together with Wageningen University that investigates technical and social innovations to enable personalized nutrition through consumer empowerment.
1Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Iran
2Caruncaneco, Iran
3Department of Immunology, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
4Department of Internal Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Iran
5Kazeroon Azad University, Iran
6Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Ulcerative colitis (UC) a major form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a cause of significant morbidity worldwide and its incidence and prevalence appear to be increasing with time. Patients with UC frequently experience episodes of bloody diarrhea with or without mucous, abdominal pain, fever and weight loss. UC patients are faced with malnutrition due to numerous pathogenic factors including anorexia, malabsorption, altered metabolism, fluid and electrolyte loss and side effects of medications. That is why the nutrient supplements should be provided to avoid development of nutrient deficiencies. UC is assumed to be a result of a breakdown of tolerance to intestinal environmental antigens such as resident enteric bacteria and altered barrier properties of the mucous and epithelial layers. These alterations can allow luminal antigens to penetrate the intestinal mucosa and elicit an overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and trafficking of effector leukocytes into the intestinal mucosa. This can ultimately lead to uncontrolled and exaggerated intestinal inflammation. This review will present and discuss the immune response of UC patients to different species of probiotics and nutrient supplements.
Biography:
Dr. Sheikhi started his B.Sc. in ShahidChamran University in Biological Sciences and then his master in Medical Immunology in Tarbiat Modarres University. He did his Ph.D. at Immunology Institute, Kiel, Germany and Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (UMSc). Currently he is the Professor of Immunology, head of department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dezful University of Medical Sciences. He currently studying the effect of yogurt derived probiotics and some support nutrients on the immune response of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.
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