University Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Obesity, non-communicable disease, is the fifth global health problem and could lead to death as a higher risk. The shifting on diet pattern, unbalancing in energy consumption and shifting physical activities have made this problem increased in the prevalence and is a concern in health problem completion. The problem in obesity has estimated to be a major death by 2025. The gut microbiome has known to affect the immune, gastrointestinal, nervous and cardiovascular system and even they could alter the host metabolism and triggered metabolic syndrome, like obesity. The two major phyla of the gut microbiome, Bacteriodetes and Firmicutes, have known to alter in obese individuals compared with the healthy ones and the composition would change during the different diet pattern given. Indonesian local yam identified to contain high insoluble and soluble fibre that would be fermented by the microbiome in the gut host and be a specific nutrient into gut microbiome. Therefore, we would like to compare the gut microbiome composition in obese individuals supplemented by Indonesia local yam as a tested snack with obese individuals supplemented by wheat flour as a standard snack. High-throughput screening method by realtime qPCR was used to observe the gut microbiome composition, including Bacteriodetes and Firmicutes phyla, Bacteriodetes-Prevotella-Porphyromonas groups, C. coccoides-E. rectale groups, Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. Cq values further were normalized by All Bacteria as the reference. We compared ΔCq before and after the intervention and using paired sample t-test to analyse the significant difference. Our result found that obese individual supplemented by tested snack, composing by Indonesia local yam showed increasing significantly in Bifidobacterium spp. and Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale groups (p<0.05). Finally, we suspect that Indonesian local yam could have the specific prebiotic function to modulate specific gut microbiome related to improving gut microbiota composition in obese individuals.
Keywords: Obese, Indonesian Local Yam, Gut Microbiome, Bifidobacterium spp., Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale groups
1Holeta Bee Research Center, Ethiopia
2Center for Environmental Science, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Low quality of honey product from different parts of the country leads to high challenges on export market and hence low export earnings. As a part of solution to this problem, investigation on honey samples collected from Gesha and Sayilem districts of the Kaffa Zone, Ethiopia was conducted to identify the quality of the product from the study areas against national and international standards. Assessment of bee forage based on field inventory, pollen load collection using pollen trap and pollen analysis indicated that 79 bee forages with the major pollen count belongs to Schefflera abyssinica, Croton macrostachyus and Vernonia amygdalina ranging from 66.4 % to 96%, 478.2-58.7% and 33.92-64.4% respectively. The results of analyzed honey samples from the areas for moisture, sucrose, glucose and fructose content, shows that 19.5 g/100 g, 69.48 g/100 g, 38.6 g/100 g and 35.5 g/100g, respectively. Similarly, proline, pH, free acid and HMF values, electrical conductivity and invertase activity of the honey also shows that 210.1 g/100g, 4.05g/100 g, 7 meq/kg, 1.23.87 mg/100g and 0.16 mS/cm, respectively. Significant correlations were observed between moisture content and electrical conductivity (r = 0.76, p < 0.01).The study found thet all analyzed parameters of the honey samples meet the basic honey quality standards both national and international specifications. From this study, we recommend that potential investors and buyers can create partnership focusing on this large UNSCO delignated Biosphere forest for producing and exporting of quality honey product to the international markets.
Keywords: Bee forage, plant community, monofloral honey and honey quality
1University of Ghana, Ghana
2Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Ghana
3Center for Plant Medicine Research, Ghana
4University of Nairobi, Kenya
Kombucha is tea fermented with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeasts with several reported anecdotal evidences of its medicinal potential. In this study we seek to investigate its anti-diabetic and probiotics properties. We hypothesized that Kombucha, being a complex matrix of probiotics and nutraceuticals, playsan essential role in diabetes management.
Molecular characterization of the microbial ecology of Kombucha using shotgun meta genomics showed the presence of Brettanomyces bruxellensis CBS 2499, Brettanomyces anmalus, Komagataei bacterxylinus NBRC 15237, Gluconobacter and several other species of microorganisms. Kombucha performed better than the antidiabetic drugs, metformin and glibenclamide in lowering the fasting blood glucose (FBG) of the diabetic rats. Administration of 25 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of freeze-dried Kombucha demonstrated a 4-fold reduction in FBG (p<0.05) and a 40% and 50% respective increases in body weight of the alloxan-induced diabetic rats compared to diabetic control. By histological analysis, Kombucha was also shown to enhance pancreas regeneration and hence insulin secretion as demonstrated in the study. Serum lipid profiling showed Kombucha treatment had anti-triglyceridemic effect (p<0.05). Kombucha reduced thee levated levels of asalkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine and urea. Histology of the kidney and liver also showed that Kombucha has no adverse effect on the morphology of these organs. Kombucha also showed a gut bacteria microbiome modulatory effect.
Kombucha appears to demonstrate ameliorating effect on diabetes. Daily consumption of Kombucha may help in diabetes management and protect against liver and kidney damage as well as modulate the gut microbiome.
Biography:
Emmanuel Edem Adadeisa final year masterʼs student pursing a degree in Molecular Cell Biology of Infectious Diseases at the West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana. He is very passionate about research that involves gaining understanding of the interconnectedness and dynamics of the human and environmental microbiome. He seeks to exploit the use of probiotics for novel cost-effective treatments and strategic prevention of metabolic diseases. He is also passionate about scientific innovations and children development.
Kakatiya University, India
Introduction: Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a viral enzyme and one of the main targets for drugs against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The aim of this study was to evaluate β-caryophyllene, a novel tannin component isolated from Terminalia chebula Ritz against HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.
Methods: The crude extracts were prepared from dried seeds of Terminalia chebula in methanol by maceration method and isolated a novel terpenoid component by using column chromatography and HPLC. In Vitro HIV-1 RT inhibition activity was determined by HIV-1 RT capture elisa test.
Results: Isolated compound was identified as terpenoid, β-caryophyllene and a novel compound. The anti-HIV activity was tested with PBMC and β-caryophyllene showed HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity and it was more effective than standard drug AZT. In PBMC cells, at 75 µM, β-caryophyllene inhibited >89% of HIV-1 RT with IC5012 µM. The positive control (AZT) inhibited >85% of HIV-1 RT.
Conclusion: Such studies will provide the solid biological foundation for translational research, which is needed to evaluate the In Vivo activity of a β-caryophyllene novel terpenoid component.
Keywords: HIV-1, β-caryophyllene, Terpenoid, Terminalia chebula
Biography:
Dr. Estari Mamidala is an Assistant Professor in Infectious Diseases Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Kakatiya University, India.
1Madawalabu University, Ethiopia
2College of Health and Medical Sciences, Ethiopia
3Hawassa University, Ethiopia
Introduction: Globally, anemia affects 1.62 billion people (25%) of which 56 million are pregnant women. Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia, is the most common hematological disorder during pregnancy and results in adverse women and fetal consequences. Nevertheless, there was a paucity of information on utilization and compliance with iron supplementation and associated factors during pregnancy in low-income countries like Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess utilization and compliance with iron supplementation and associated factors among pregnant women.
Methods: A community based cross sectional study was used among randomly selected 445 pregnant women attending antenatal care at health facility in the study area. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analyses were done to see the association between each independent variable and the outcome variable. All variables with a p value of < 0.25 were entered into final model to control for all possible confounders. Odds ratios along with 95% CI were estimated to identify predictors of the outcome variable using multivariable logistic regression analyses. Level of statistical significance was declared at p - value less than 0.05. Results: About 54%; 95% CI = (49.4%-58.4%), 45.2%; 95% CI = (40.9%-49.4%), 4.3%; 95% CI = (2.5%-6.3%) and 2.2% (95% CI = (1.1-3.6) of women received iron supplements during first, second, third and fourth antenatal care visits respectively. The level of compliance with iron supplements was found to be 92.4%; 95% CI = (89.9-94.6). Having formal education [AOR = 4.45; 95% CI = (1.41-13.99)], high wealth quintile [AOR = 0.18; 95% CI = (0.05-0.68)], medium wealth quintile [AOR = 0.33, 95% CI = (0.11-0.98)], iron supplementation for free [AOR = 3.77; 95% CI = (1.33-10.69)] , not experiencing discomfort related to iron supplements intake [AOR = 2.94; 95% CI = (1.17-7.39)], having comprehensive knowledge about anemia [AOR = 2.62; 95% CI = (1.02-6.70)], being knowledgeable about iron supplementation [AOR = 3.30; 95% CI = (1.12-9.76)], having information about importance of iron supplementation during pregnancy [AOR = 2.86 ; 95% CI = (1.04-7.87)] and ever being visited by urban health extension workers [AOR = 0.31; 95% CI = (0.12-0.83)] were significantly associated with compliance with iron supplementation during pregnancy.
Conclusions: The utilization of iron supplementation during pregnancy was low with high level of compliance with the supplements, maternal formal education, improved wealth index, having knowledge about anemia and importance of iron supplements during pregnancy, not experiencing side effects related to iron tablets and getting iron for free have positively influenced compliance with iron supplementation during pregnancy. Thus, comprehensive nutrition education and provision of iron supplements are crucial tools to increase utilization and compliance with iron supplementation during pregnancy.
Keywords: Utilization, compliance, iron supplementation, pregnant women
Biography:
Girma Beressa Aboye is a PhD fellow in Nutrition at Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Ethiopia and Lecturer at Department of Public Health, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Ethiopia.
1Department of Consumer Science, University of Zululand, South Africa
2Department of Agricultural Science, University of Zululand, South Africa
3Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, South Africa
4Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
High demand of foods globally is associated to the exponential increase of the world population. Conventional animalsʼ protein source including, beef, chicken and others may be in-sufficient to meet this present need. Edible insect like Gonimbrasiabelina (mopane worm) showed great potential as alternative source of protein, especially for protein deficiency populace. This study aims to compare the proximate, mineral and functional composition of protein isolates, defatted and raw samples of mopane worm. The proximate, mineral composition and functional properties of the samples were determined using standard protocols. The result revealed variations in parameters investigated. The proximate analysis showed that protein isolate possessed the highest protein content (81.75 %), ash (5.17 %), crude fibre content (5.53 %) and lowest fat (0.36 %) and moisture (6.34 %) content, in comparison with other samples (defatted and raw). Similarly, the protein isolates also exhibited highest foam stability (64.38 %), foam capacity (24.39 %), swelling index (0.74), emulsion capacity (64.38 %) and lowest bulk density (0.13 %) in comparison with other samples. Interestingly, the protein isolatesʼ also showed significant (p< 0.05) better magnesium and potassium content than other samples. Therefore, the protein isolates could serve as a preferable remedy in the management of protein-energy malnutrition, as well as used in food fortification for the food industry. For future studies, anti-nutrient properties of samples need to be ascertained.
Biography:
Dr. Idiat Bolajoko Ogunyinka, is a Researcher at Department of Consumer Science, University of Zululand South Africa. Her area of specialization include; food biochemistry, medicinal plants, food security and clinical biochemistry. She has notable publication in reputable journals and presented in both local and international conferences. She is currently a member of South Africa Council of Natural Science Professional.
Osmania University, India
C allosobruchus chinensis is one of the harmful serious pests in stored grain and related products. The attack of stored products of agricultural and animal origin by more than 600 species of beetle pests causing quantitative and qualitative losses, as well as insect contamination in food commodities, is an important quality control problem that is of great concern to food industries. It is reported that insect damage in stored grains and pulses may amount to 10-40% in countries where modern storage technologies have not been introduced. It is therefore necessary to reduce such losses by controlling pests in stored products. The crude pepper seeds are toxic to Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). It is considered a Primary pest, which can easily infest damaged or broken kernels and apart from grain, it is particularly destructive to Rice and other processed grain products. During the last two decades phytochemicals from plant bioresources have been heralded as desirable alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides for pest management because they pose little threat to the environment or human health. In our earlier studies, we reported the effect of commercial glycoalkaloid, Vitex negundo on Callosobruchus chinensis larvae. The treatment prevented the normal development of the last instar larvae. Increase in dosage of Vitex negundo resulted in interference in ecdysis, inhibition of pupation, formation of mosaics (larval-pupal, pupal-adult intermediates), deformed pupae and deformed adults. However, the molecular mechanism of the phytochemical effect on the larvae is yet to be studied. Lindsey C. Perkin corresponding and Brenda Oppert in recently reported the list of genes that are altered during developmental stages (PMID: 31198628). We planned to isolate the RNA from the different growth stages of the food pest and study their expression pattern after the treatment of Vitex negundo.
Keywords: Vitex negundo, Callosobruchus chinensis, Ecdysis, RNA, Gene Expression
Biography:
Dr. M. Madhavi has completed her PhD at the age of 35 years from Osmania University. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been awarded as Fellow of Academy of Environmental Biology, India (FAEB). She is an Associate Fellow of Telangana Academy of Sciences (AFTAS) and AP Academy of Sciences (APAS).
1Kafr-Elsheikh University, Egypt
2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Tanta University, Egypt
3Tanta University, Egypt
Background: Wound infection represents a major challenge facing all health organizations and increasing difficulties of patient treatment. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most common causative bacterial agents, which is becoming increasingly resistant to many antibacterial agents. It is now an impulsive need to advance the field of alternative treatment. Probiotics are one of these alternatives that can alter the micro-flora of the host, yielding a positive influence on health and body physiology.
Objective: To investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on two virulence factors of P. aeruginosa.
Methodology: This study was carried out in Medical Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University on forty patients admitted, during the period of research (February 2017 to August 2017). P. aeruginosa isolates were identified by results of culture and conventional biochemical reactions. The effect of L. plantarum on P. aeruginosa was detected by measuring two P. aeruginosa virulence factors which are the activity of elastase enzyme and pyocyanin pigment production; before and after the addition of L. plantarum.
Results: Among the forty wound samples investigated, the most predominant bacterial isolate was P. aeruginosa (50%). P. aeruginosa infections were common in males than females with predominance in old age. P. aeruginosa viable colony count, pyocyanin production and the elastolytic activity significantly decreased after addition of L. plantarum.
Conclusion: P. aeruginosa was the predominant bacterial isolate in the studied wound infections. L. plantarum had significant anti-pathogenic capacity against P. aeruginosa.
Keywords: Probiotics, P. aeruginosa, L. plantarum, Virulence
Biography:
Maii Atef Shams Eldeen, Egyptian married female from Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt, working as a lecturer of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt. She is the head of Public Service Center at the same faculty. She obtained several academic degrees throughout her career starting from M.B.B.CH, M.Sc & MD of Medical Microbiology, Professional diploma of infection control and Diploma in Health Profession Education. She works as a trainer in many teaching and developmental courses in and outside of her faculty. She has 8 scientific researches published nationally and internationally.
1Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Bangladesh
2UNICEF, Bangladesh
3MSF Pharmaceuticals, Bangladesh
A total number of 105 Cerebral Palsy (age in month, mean±SD, 40.31±12.79) was included purposively from the different rehabilitation centers in Dhaka city. Among them male child was 59(56%) and female child was 46(44%). Four types of CP children were found among the study subjects. Spastic, Athetoid, Ataxic and Flaccid were 48(46%), 27 (26%), 8 (7%) and 22 (21%) respectively. According to weight for height classification severely wasted were 59(56%), moderately wasted 24(23%), wasted 17(16%), normal 4(4%) over weight 0 (0%) and obese 1(1%). In MUAC classification normal growth was 91(87%) and delayed growth was 14(13%). In OFC classification normal growth was 57(54%) and delayed growth was 48(46%). Motor milestones were observed by WHO Multi-centre Growth Reference Study (MGRS) performance criteria, 2006. Among the study subjects six steps of motor milestone mean±SD were 17.9± 10.76 of sitting without support, 23.2± 12.26 of standing with assistance, 20.6± 12.14 of hands and knees crawling, 26.7± 13.33 of walking with assistance, 28.1±13.17 of standing alone and 27.2±10.77 of Walking alone. Among the study subjects maximum subjects could not complete the six motor mile stone in time. Among them a significant relationship was found between different age groups in Sitting without support, Standing with assistance and Walking with assistance, (p=0.04, 0.003, 0.02) respectively. Due to brain malformation and lesion in perinatal stage; children with cerebral palsy could not achieve the motor milestone in time, so this movement disability and physical inactivity refers to low anthropometric status in children with cerebral palsy.
Keywords: Cerebral Palsy, MUAC, Developmental Milestone, Anthropometric status.
Themes: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability among the young children, which refers to impaired growth and development. Within this context, the objective of the present study was to determine the anthropometric status and motor milestones and see the association between nutritional status and motor development in under five CP children.
Biography:
Nadira Parvin has been working as a Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology at Bangladesh University of Health Sciences. She has completed MPH & M.Phil degree major in Epidemiology & Biostatistics. Now she is a PhD fellow of Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development at University of Rajshahi.
Gandhigram Rural Institute, India
Xylooligosaccharides are potential prebiotic components retrieved from xylan using xylanase enzyme which are stable over a wide range of pH and temperature. According to the biological properties, they are non-carcinogenic, selective proliferation of Probiotics, antioxidant etc. Probiotics are live microorganism which confers health benefits to the consumed host viz., reduces the serum cholesterol level, alleviation of lactose intolerance symptoms, lowering the risk of colon cancer etc. The synergistic combination of Prebiotics and Probiotics doubles the health benefits when they are consumed. Synbiotics implants and improves the survival of gut microbiome population, enhances the production of Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) etc. In this study, the Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) were produced from the agricultural waste, sugarcane bagasse by two step process: Alkaline extraction of xylan from substrate and the enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan. XOSʼs are combined with the probiotics isolated from fermented Soybean, Fish and Koozh. XOS was substituted with carbon source of the medium and their growth was maximum when compared with the actual medium. In XOS substituted medium, the bacteriocin produced by Bifidobacterium B (360 AU) inhibits the P. aeroginosa and Lactobacillus FN1 inhibits the growth of P. fluroscence, E. coli and P. aeroginosa (643 AU, 1320 AU, 1929 AU). The demands on the advancement of value added nutraceutical food products coupled with health benefits attract attention worldwide. This demand may be retrieved by the usage of Synbiotics.
Biography:
Nagamani Kathiresan, Research Scholar pursuing Ph.D. under the guidance of Dr. David Ravindran Abraham, Professor, Department of Biology, Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India. She is an enthusiastic, adaptive and a fast-learning person with a broad and acute interest in the formulation of functional food utilizing affordable scientific techniques. Her area of specialization is food microbiology and research emphasizes on the Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics for human health. She had also qualified ASRB-ICAR NET 2018 and received prizes for oral presentation in National and International seminars.
1CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India
2Lund University, Sweden
3Anand Agricultural University, India
Incorporation of probiotic organisms into dairy food items to increase the nutritional status with the added therapeutic characteristics is practiced worldwide. Yogurts, milk, frozen yogurts and ice cream are enriched by adding probiotic organisms in countries like Japan, USA, Australia and Europe. Probiotics are generally mono or mixed cultures of live microorganisms which form the major component of the gut flora (e.g., Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria). Probiotics, when ingested beneficially, affect the host by replenishing the depleted gut microflora, which may have occurred due to the use of antibiotics, illness and stress, travel or lifestyle changes and also by improving the properties of the indigenous microflora of the host. Microbial strains for probiotic use must be representative of microorganisms that are generally recognized as safe microbes. In the present study, efforts were made for preparing Lactobacillus biomass using cheese whey as nutrient medium for generating the probiotic culture. Efforts have been made to replace MRS medium with cheese whey powder for growing Lactobacillus culture. Using 30% (w/v) cheese whey powder as nutrient medium, we are able to obtain 0.1 kg Lactobacillus biomass per litre of nutrient medium.
Biography:
Sourish Bhattacharya has completed his B. Tech in Biotechnology from West Bengal University of Technology and M.Tech in Fermentation Technology from Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai and PhD from AcSIR-CSMCRI. Presently he is working as a Scientist at CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India. He is having a strong background in the area of biopolymers for therapeutic applications and nutraceuticals. He has published 17 papers, 2 book chapters and 2 patents to his credit.
Ethiopia Meat and Dairy Industry Development Institute, Ethiopia
Raw honey after harvesting is usually strained and filtered to remove suspended materials including pollen, proplis and bee wax prior to heating for commercial processing. Heating honey is to facilitate filtering and bottling of honey by reducing the viscosity. In commercial processing plant, honey is usually heated in order to purify, filter, facilitate packaging to inhibit microorganism growth, to reduce the moisture content at the standard level and to delay crystallization process. Even though heating is of great important in commercial honey processing, no guideline is available till to date for the use of heating temperature and time combination based on types and origin of honey. The optimal heating conditions are mainly relied on the geographical and botanical origins of honey. Uncontrolled temperature can be detrimental to the quality of honey and to its biological and bio active chemical properties. In Ethiopia, commercial honey processing industries can perform their processes in a different ways depending on various factors, including economic, technological and technique reasons. Honey has a probability to loss the natural quality when it goes through uncontrolled thermal processing. The loss of the natural quality is due to the decomposition of vitamins, destruction of the integrity of the enzymes and the development HFM content. HMF content and enzymatic activities are the recognized honey quality parameters to penetrate and sustain in the international market. As heating is of great important on commercial honey processing industry, it needs to have standard guideline for the use of optimum heating temperature and time duration.
Keywords: Temperature; HFM; Quality; Honey
1Faculty of Engineering, Lebanese University, Lebanon
2Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Medicine, Lebanese University, Lebanon
3Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Lebanon
4Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Lebanon
The high alcohol content in wine has several disadvantages from the point of view of consumer health as well as higher taxes in some countries for alcoholic products. Let's not forget that many molecules such as polyphenols and anthocyanins in wine bring a lot of health benefits. The objective of this study is the total dealcoholization of wine according to two different techniques tested for the first time, which are vacuum evaporation carried out at three different temperatures (40°C, 50°C and 60°C) and lyophilization, with the preservation as much as possible of the quality of our product. For the results, several factors such as alcohol concentration, IPT, IC, total polyphenols, total tannins and antioxidant activity were analyzed according to the different dealcoholization techniques. All the processes made it possible to obtain totally dealcoholized wines (alcohol content less than 0.5%). Concerning phenolic compounds, the dealcoholization techniques did not result in a significant decrease of these compounds compared to the initial wine. The analysis by GC-MS of the aromas showed a high decrease in the aromas' concentrations. A questionnaire was conducted among 200 people to analyze the acceptability of the consumer vis-à-vis non-alcoholic wines. The results showed that a significant portion of the population is interested in this type of product.
Biography:
Joyce Kheir is an assistant professor and chairperson of the Chemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department at the Faculty of Engineering one of the Lebanese University which is the only public university in Lebanon with more than 80,000 students. She graduated from Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - France, with a PhD degree in Processes and environmental engineering in 2012 and from Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth – Liban, with a joint PhD degree in Chemistry. She is currently teaching main chemical engineering courses. Her research areas are food processes technology and chemical processes related to the environmental treatments and solutions.
1The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
2Bicol State College of Applied Sciences and Technology, Philippines
Pili nut (Canariumovatum, Engl.) is endemic in the Philippines and can be abundantly found in the Bicol region. The pulp is a good source of oil essential for dietary and cosmetic manufacturing. Pilipomace is a by-product of pili pulp oil production which consists of peel and pulp usually discarded as animal feed and wastes. This study aimed to determine the potential functional properties of oven dried pilipomace powder (PPP). In this work, pilipomace was utilized into powder through oven drying for 22 hours at 60°C. Proximate composition and dietary fiber of PPP were analyzed using AOAC standards. Phytonutrient content and antioxidant activity of PPP were also determined. Results showed that PPP contains 7.9% crude ash, 7.7 moisture, 5.4% crude protein, 23.1% crude fat and 55.9% total carbohydrates. It is an excellent source of dietary fiber (45.9 g/100g) with significant amounts of phytonutrients: total polyphenols (11.3 mg GAE/g), total anthocyanin (1230.8 mg C3GE/kg) and total flavonoids (9.7 mg RHE/g). Its antioxidant capacity were determined by FRAP (13.4 mg TE/g) and DPPH (17.6 mg TE/g). Safety assessment through microbiological analysis showed that PPP were in safe levels (7.5x103 APC, <10 E. coli and 4.5 x 103 Yeast and Molds count). Physicochemical analysis showed that PPP has moderate pH (4.46 pH) and low water activity (0.47 Aw) indicating that PPP is less susceptible to spoilage under good storage condition. In conclusion, this study show the potential of PPP as a functional food ingredient which can be utilized in various food applications.
Biography:
Ana Teresa L. Ibo is a graduate student of University of Santo Tomas and a faculty in the College of Arts and Sciences at Bicol State College of Applied Sciences and Technology. She received her B.S. degree in Nutrition and Dietetics from Universidad de Sta. Isabel. Trinidad P. Trinidad is a Food and Nutrition Scientist and a Professorial Lecturer at the Graduate School of University of Santo Tomas. She received her Ph.D. degree in Nutritional Sciences from the University of Toronto.
Tashkent State Technical University, Uzbekistan
Experimental studies were performed on a convective water heater and curves were obtained for the duration and temperature of the drying process of medicinal plants.
A comparative analysis of the behavior of the constituent extractives of peppermint and zizifora, plantain polysaccharides, as well as the ash content and final moisture content of medicinal plants under various drying methods was carried out.
Dried plant samples of peppermint, plantain and jujube were studied for residual moisture, ash and the presence of extractives and polysaccharides at the Institute of Plant Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Table 1).
The amount of extractives dried in water heating dryer is 2.5-3% or more (23.30%). In the initial version, extractive substances in this plant were 23.2%. This indicates that the VKSU drying device and the developed technology provide effective results.
National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), India
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of metabolic disorders that share the feature of hyperglycaemia. It is worldwide in distribution and the incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is rising dramatically. Globally, diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable diseases leading to mortally and morbidity in many developed countries. The increased risk has been attributed to the high prevalence of multiple atherosclerotic risk factors among diabetic patients. Few studies were found the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) as a treatment for diabetes especially in experimental animals, despite the evidence showing that they have the potential to reduce the incidence of diabetes. This study was conducted to find out the association of dietary pattern and CVD risk factors, among recently diagnosed as Pre- diabetes subjects. This is a hospital based cross-sectional and case-control study with newly diagnose Pre- diabetes, aged 20-50yrs, of both sexes. Out of 75 subjects screened only 24 subjects were recruited as pre diabetes based on their HbA1c values (DCCT-5.7 to 6.5%) from the outpatient department of Osmania General Hospital Hyderabad, India. The various biochemical parameters viz Fasting blood glucose values, HbA1c (glycated Hb) Lipid profile, i.e., Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and HDL cholesterol were analysed using commercially available kits.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that there were significant changes in the values of HbA1c, Fasting blood glucose, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides etc. upon probiotic supplementation for a period of 30 days in the Pre-Diabetes subjects compared to non-supplemented control group. From this study we could conclude that the probiotic curd supplementation may prevent the progression of Pre diabetes to diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Probiotics, Diabetes, Pre diabetes, CVD
Biography:
Amruth Rao is Scientist- D in the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), India.
Contact us for any additional information - contact@madridge.org
Madridge Publishers is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.