This study attempts to analyze the karyotype and chromosome structure in Ten populations of Camelina sativa in different part of Turkey. Pre-treatment, fixation, hydrolysis and staining were conducted using root meristem and then microscopic samples were prepared and studied. The results showed that in all studied cells of each population, the basic chromosome number was 2n=40 and all of them were diploid. Karyotype analysis of each population was conducted separately and several indices including length of the chromosome, length of the long arm, length of the short arm and centromer index were determined. The length of chromosomes in all populations was estimated as 0.64-2.08 micrometers. The longest chromosome was observed in chromosome number 1 from population 1 and the shortest one was related to the chromosome number 20 from population 7 in haploid karyotyping.

Key words: chromosome, cytogenetic, camelina sativa, karyotype