Energy Research Institute, UK
Tis communication discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy sources, environment and sustainable development. This includes all the biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy conservation scenarios, energy savings and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce emissions globally. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass technology. This study gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented and demonstrated but especially in remote rural areas.
Biography:
Abdeen Mustafa Omer (BSc, MSc, PhD) is an Associate Researcher at Energy Research Institute (ERI). He obtained both his PhD degree in the Built Environment and Master of Philosophy degree in Renewable Energy Technologies from the University of Nottingham. He is qualified Mechanical Engineer with a proven track record within the water industry and renewable energy technologies. He has been graduated from University of El Menoufia, Egypt, BSc in Mechanical Engineering. His previous experience involved being a member of the research team at the National Council for Research/Energy Research Institute in Sudan and working director of research and development for National Water Equipment Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Sudan. He has been listed in the book WHOʼS WHO in the World 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2010. He has published over 300 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 200 review articles, 17 books and 150 chapters in books.
East Tennessee State University, USA
To present day, commercial production of long-chain alkylbenzenes is accomplished with aid of liquid Lewis acids (AlCl3and HF). However, such industrial processing poses a serious threat to the environment due to production of a large volume of toxic waste. The main goal of this work was to synthesize a catalyst allowing low-waste synthesis of long-chain alkylbenzenes. One of the well-studied solid superacids with Keggin structure phosphotungstic acid (PTA) with pKa-13 was chosen for its superior catalytical performance in homogeneous phase. However, low surface area and solubility in polar solvents associated with PTAʼs activity limited its use in heterogeneous catalysis. PTA was immobilized into mesoporous silica matrix to improve its catalytic performance. Super acidic mesoporous materials containing covalently embedded PTA were synthesized by sol-gel method. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and PTA were used as precursors in the synthesis, ionic and nonionic surfactants were used as pore-forming agents, reaction proceeded in acidic media. TEM images revealed mesoporous structure with embedded PTA clusters. FT-IR spectra of obtained materials contained characteristic bands of PTA at 957 cm-1. Synthesized catalysts had high BET surface area and high concentration of acidic sites. Alkylation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene by dec-1-ene demonstrated high catalytic activity. The catalyst obtained with Pluronic P123 as a template was the most effective and resulted in highest conversion of dec-1-ene into alkylated products. Covalent embedding of PTA clusters in addition to thermal and chemical stability of synthesized catalysts enabled their recyclability. Catalysts remained active during subsequent cycles of alkylation.
Biography:
Anastasia Kuvayskaya has completed her BS from East Tennessee State University and presently enrolled in MS program at ETSU. She has been accepted in PhD program at Colorado School of Mines. Anastasia will be joining School of Mines Chemistry department in Fall 2020. She has published 2 papers and attended multiple regional and international conferences.
Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh, USA
Over a number of years work in our laboratory has been exploring the use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as scaffolds for the creation of novel nanomaterials with unique and stimuli responsive characteristics. The forces responsible for the spatial organization within cellulose, coupled with traditional chemistry are aimed at creating structures via molecular self assembly; these concepts have been the inspiration for our supramolecular research.
In this lecture we will report on our systematic efforts aimed at functionalizing CNCs by using both grafting from and grafting onto approaches. The selective creation and activation of a nano-pattern on CNC will be described and the chemical methods used to create the foundation for novel CNC based materials (including self-assembled Cellulose NanoPlatelet Gels) will be described.
Biography:
Dimitris Argyropoulos, Professor of Chemistry at North Carolina State University. He has also served as a Finland Distinguished Professor of Chemistry with the department of Chemstry of the University of Helsinki, Finland and Distinguished visiting Professor with the centre for Advanced Materials and the Department of Chemistry King Abdulaziz University, Jedah, Saudi Arabia.
Professor Argyropoulosʼs reserach team is internationally recognized for his leading contributions to Green Chemistry using cellulose and lignin wood-based polymers. His work focuses at promoting our understanding of the structure and reactivity of such polymers and the development of novel NMR and material science techniques for the structural elucidation and upgrading of these biopolymers. The efforts of his research group have been disseminated in excess of 200 scientific papers, numerous scientific conferences invited presentations and patents. Professor Argyropoulos is a fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, International Academy of Wood science and the Chemical Institute of Canada.
Millipore Sigma, USA
Millipore Sigma created a unique web-based greener alternative scoring matrix, also known as Millipore Sigmaʼs DOZN, a quantitative green chemistry evaluator based on the 12 principles of green chemistry. The 12 principles of green chemistry provide a framework for learning about green chemistry and designing or improving materials, products, processes and systems. DOZN scores products based on metrics for each principle and aggregates the principle scores to derive a final aggregate score. The system calculates scores based on manufacturing inputs, GHS and SDS data which provide a green score for each substance. DOZN is flexible enough to encompass the diverse portfolio of products. The DOZN system has also been verified and validated by a third party to ensure best practices are applied. This new Greener Chemistry Initiative offer customerʼs an increased breadth of Greener Alternative products with confirmatory documentations to validate greenness. DOZN 2.0 is launched to customers to use the tool to improve their sustainability (https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/chemistry/greener-alternatives/matrix-scoring.html)
Biography:
Ettigounder Ponnusamy completed his PhD at the University of Madras, India in 1982 in Polymer Chemistry and 1983-87 postdoctoral studies at the University of Illinois at Chicago. In 1988, he joined Sigma-Aldrich as an R&D Scientist and worked on many high value projects at various capacity. Currently Samy is the Fellow and Global Manager for Green Chemistry at Millipore Sigma (formerly Sigma-Aldrich), leading the Green Chemistry Initiatives. Samyʼs work was recognized by The Academy of Science St. Louis, awarded an outstanding scientist award in 2011 and also inducted as a Fellow of the Academy of Science St. Louis.
Iowa State University, USA
Quinones are common subunits in both natural products and in synthetic materials. Quinones derived from natural sources have seen increased use as building blocks for supramolecular chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. This presentation will focus on two readily available types of benzoquinones: hydroxy benzoquinones and nitro benzoquinones. Hydroxy benzoquinones can undergo useful cycloadditions to form tomichaedin, a natural naphthoquinone and anthraquinone diesters, novel monomers. Nitro benzoquinones are highly reactive and participate in cycloaddition reactions and nucleophilic addition reactions to rapidly generate polycyclic systems.
Tribhuvan University, Nepal
Phytochemical and biological screenings of some medicinal plants collected from Dhading and Makwanpur District were performed. Phytochemical screening suggests that the selected plant sample contains Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Glycosides, Quinones, Reducing sugars, Polyphenols and Saponins. Methanolic extracts of bark of Myrica esculenta showed high toxicity against brine shrimp naupili having LC50 value 20.89μg/ml. Among the ten selected medicinal plants, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were also found highest in bark of Myrica esculenta having the values 262±6.64 mg/g gallic acid equivalent and 151.23±4.63 mg/g quercetin equivalent respectively. The antioxidant properties of ten samples were evaluated by using DPPH assay and their IC50 values were calculated. IC50 value of M. esculenta was found as the lowest (46.81 μg/ml) and closest to that of Ascorbic acid (41.34 μg/ml) taken as standard. Two pure compounds IPC1 and IPC2 were isolated from methanolic extract of bark Myrica esculenta by column chromatography. The compound IPC1 was proposed as β-sitosterol with the aid of Co-TLC and melting point of authentic sample. The compound IPC2 is under process for its structure elucidation.
Biography:
Ishwor Pathak, born in Dhading, Nepal, received his M.Sc. degree (Chemistry) in 2015 from Central Department of Chemistry, Kathmandu, Nepal. At present, he is working as an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the Tribhuvan University, Amrit Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal.
His research interest includes Natural Product Chemistry and Organic Synthesis. He has published four research articles.
AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland
Microporous carbonaceous materials and the adsorption processes taking place on their surface have been the object of widespread research and application. In particular these materials are used to rid the air of substances that are harmful to human health, including for protection from poisonous substances and for environmental protection in the processes of removing harmful substances from waste gases. The porous structure and functional properties of carbonaceous adsorbents are dependent on the structure of the original raw material. As a consequence, the choice of suitable material is no less important than the selection of adequate production method and the determination of optimum process conditions. Therefore, a search for new raw materials that would be useful in the production of carbonaceous adsorbents has been under way and particular attention has been paid in this regard to biomass waste from food and timber industries and agriculture. The work presents numerical evaluation of the effect of the used activator and the raw material on the formation of the microporous structure of the activated carbons. The numerical calculations were carried out based on of the adsorption isotherms of nitrogen taken from literature. On the basis of the research and analyses, a significant effect of the type of the activating agent used as well as the raw material on the formation of the porous structure and consequently, on the adsorptive properties of the produced activated carbons were observed. The new proposed method provides a wider spectrum of information on the analyzed porous structure of the activated carbons and the processes occurring on their surface, what provides a unique tool enabling a precise characterization of the structure of the carbonaceous microporous materials and this in turn makes it possible to optimize the processes of their manufacture.
The work was financed from the Research Subvention from the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education for the AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow No. 16.16.210.476.
Biography:
Miros„aw Kwiatkowski in 2004 obtained Ph.D. degree from the Faculty of Energy and Fuels at the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków (Poland) and in 2018 D.Sc. degree from the Faculty of Chemistry at the Wroc„aw University of Technology (Poland) in the discipline: chemical technology. His published work includes more than 45 papers in reputable international journals and 100 conference proceedings. He is the editor in chief of The International Journal of System Modeling and Simulation (United Arab Emirates), an associate editor of Micro & Nano Letters Journal (United Kingdom) and a member of the editorial board of internationals journals as well as a member of the organizing and scientific committees international conferences in Europe, Asia and United States of America.
University of Michigan, USA
Due to the rapid advancements in the fields of medicinal chemistry and molecular pharmacology, there is an increasing demand in new technologies for the selective and sustainable synthesis and/or functionalization of complex organic molecules such as bioactive natural products and carbohydrate derivatives. This presentation will focus on discussing new sustainable strategies that rely on the use of organocatalysis for the synthesis and functionalization of natural products and carbohydrate derivatives.
Biography:
Pavel Nagorny obtained his B.S. degree from Oregon State University in 2001. He subsequently earned his Ph.D. from Harvard University (with Prof. David Evans) in 2007 and carried postdoctoral work at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (with Prof. Samuel J. Danishefsky). In 2010, Dr. Nagorny joined the faculty of the University of Michigan Chemistry Department as an assistant professor of chemistry and in 2017 was promoted to the rank of associate professor with tenure. His current research interests are in the areas of organocatalysis, natural product synthesis, carbohydrate chemistry and medicinal chemistry.
University of Valencia, Spain
Semiconductor nanocrystals based on metal chalcogenide (CdSe, CdTe) and lead halide perovskite (APbX3, X= Cl, Br, I) have outstanding optical and electronic properties, such as broad absorption band narrow emission spectrum, good quantum yield which depend on the size, composition and shape of the material. However, the main difference between them is that perovskite reach a 100% of photoluminescence quantum yield without the need of an additional semiconductor shell, as in the case of CdSe/ZnS, due to their high tolerance towards defects.
Different synthetic approaches to get bright emissive quantum dots and how the organic ligands play a key role into the quantum confinement, colloidal stability, dimensionality of the crystalline structure, functionality and dispersibility will be discussed. Regarding to the CdSe based quantum dots, several examples of surface functionalization for sensing applications will be illustrated.
Since our first report on the synthesis of colloidal lead halide perovskite nanocrystals, we focused on the surface chemistry studies using different organic ligands in order to improve their optical properties and stability and to explore the preparation of low-dimensional nanostructures and emissive and conductive films.
Biography:
Raquel E. Galian received her Ph.D in Chemistry at the UNC, Argentina in 2001. She has done several post-doctoral stays in Spain and Canada.Currently, has a Research permanent position at the University of Valencia. Her main interest is the design, synthesis and characterization of semiconductor nanomaterials and multifunctional nanoplatform. She is author of 60 per-review publications including two Book Chapters andpresented more than hundred contributions to conferences and several invited talks in Hong Kong, Argentina, Italy and Germany. Currently, she is Guess Editor in Nanomaterials Journal, Issue “Synthesis and applications of nanomaterials based on perovskites”.
1Aligarh Muslim University, India
2The Ohio State University, USA
Copper-based enantiomeric complexes (1S and 1R) were readily synthesized from 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and R/S-2-amino-2-phenylethanol and were thoroughly characterized by structural {spectroscopic and single X-ray crystal diffraction studies}, electronic, vibrational, magnetic and reactivity studies. The single X-ray crystallography of ligand LS, 1S and 1R was performed which revealed their chiral structures with space groups P21, P-1 and P1, respectively. The enantio selectivity for ligands LS/Rand complexes 1S/R was evaluated from their in vitro DNA binding profiles, while cleavage studies of complexes (1S and 1R) with G-quadruplextelomeric DNA and pUC19 plasmid DNA exhibited significant reactivity. Cellular studies of 1S and 1R were carried out on a panel of human cancer cell lines; Huh7, MCF7, BxPC3 and AsPC1, which displayed significant cytotoxicity and differential responses toward different cancer phenotypes.
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