Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, India
Indian agriculture plays a very important role in country economy. Scattered pattern of climate is considered as prominent threat to Indian agriculture. At present time Climate change is considered as global issue and its potential impact has been observed in Indian Agriculture. Global warming (GW) exerts a significant impact on agriculture because of arise in temperature, diminished precipitation, glacial melting, and uneven monsoon. Increment in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has both impeding and valuable effects on crop yields. Therefore, in agriculture, a proper evaluation of unfriendly impact of climate change is required. An increase in temperature, shortage in rainfall, the incidence of flood and dry spells especially in nonordinary pockets are confirmations of climatic dangers. Thus, appropriate mitigation strategies to reduce GHGs emissions and adaptation of resource conservation technologies (RCTs) are required to make the agriculture sector more resilient to climate change.
Keywords: Adaptation, Climate change, Global warming, Greenhouse gases, Mitigation
1Symbiosis Skills and Professional University, India
2E.U. Business School, Germany
Indian farmers are facing many challengeswhen they sell their farm produce in the markets.Farmersare not connected to food processors or organized retailers.Contract farming is an important non-conventional marketing arrangement through which farmers can do direct marketing of their farm produce. The objectives of this study are to find out the performance of contract farming operating in the region and to study challenges faced by the farmers. The present study is explorative research in nature and data is collected from 1086 farmers from 9 talukas of Pune district. It is evident from the study that farmers are not much aware about contract farming. Only a few farmers are aware about contract farming, however they do not want to do it because they do not fully understand and appreciate the significance of contracts. Another important reason is agriculture commodity prices are vulnerable to price fluctuations and only ‘A’ grade produce is accepted by the company and farmer himself has to take efforts to sell his ‘B’ and ‘C’ grade farm produce.There is a need to encourage farmers to do contract farming by providing necessary information, to train them for overcoming challenges faced while using the contract farming marketing modelsand to train them for developing contract negotiation skills.
Gorakhpur Environmental Action Group, India
To strengthen the cooperation amongst the people on two sides of the boundary and facilitate timely flow of quality information sourced at micro level, a weather advisory service has been established as a pilot at India-Nepal border for farmers of both sides of national boundary, dependent on river Gandak ecosystem and its resources. The specific purpose of this advisory service is to inform and guide the small-marginal land holding farmers in undertaking various farming activities based on the expected weather conditions in the intervention areas helping them to reduce losses and reduce input costs in agriculture. The impact of these improved decisions were described by the communities with an emphasis on cost savings, as a result of either more efficient use of inputs or mitigation of damage to crops, as the most significant reason for use of the forecast. The accuracy of the forecasts was considered good with a value of 82.5%, with no transmission reliability problems that seriously undermine access and use. Most of the groups said that, importance of weather information is 76% for their agricultural practices. Operations where farmers used this information are sowing, scheduling of irrigation, harvesting, application of fertilizers and bio pesticides. Farmers explain that the advisory is most useful in scheduling of irrigation (80 percent). The common information across border also links the communities of the two sides and needed action provide new opportunities of interaction and collaboration considerable enthusiasm for use of weather services.
Keywords: Weather and Agro advisory, Sustainability, Ecosystem, Input cost, Benefits
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