Background: Jordanhosts more Palestine refugees than any country in the world. Conditions under which people in a community live influence their health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Purpose: The study purpose was to compare HRQOL of Palestine refugees in Jordan who lived inside camps with those who lived outside camps.

Method: Participants, recruited from inside the Baqaʼa camp (n = 86) and surrounding Abu Nsaircommunity (n = 91), completed the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire.

Discussion: There were disparities in educationand social relations and environment HRQOL related to income and residency, but not gender, among refugees.

Conclusions: Refugees living inside camps, particularly if poorer, fared worse than refugees living outside camps. Enhanced programs and policies may be needed to improve HRQOL, education and socioeconomics for camp refugees. Nursingʼs perspective on refugee health could be an important contribution to humanitarian efforts and health diplomacy.