Madridge Journal of Nanotechnology & Nanoscience

ISSN: 2638-2075

4th International Nanotechnology Conference & Expo

April 3-4, 2019, Philadelphia, USA
Keynote Session Abstracts
DOI: 10.18689/2638-2075.a4.001

Giant T-Patterned Strings in Protein and Human Mass-Societies: Bio-Mathematical Self-Similarity from Nano to Human Scales

Magnus S. Magnusson

University of Iceland, Iceland

This talk relates two relatively recent fields, that of the biology of behavior (Ethology) and nanoscience, many orders of magnitude and levels of organization apart. The first Nobel Prize awarded for research in Ethology was shared in 1973 in Medicine or physiology by N. Tinbergen, K. Lorenz and K. von Frisch. In 1975, E.O. Wilsonʼs milestone book, Sociobiology, focusing on the social behavior of insects, the smallest organisms studied within Ethology. None where parts of any others and there was no talk yet of self-similarity, fractals or nanoscience. The present project starting in the early 1970 with a focus on interactive (social) behavior, lead to the T-pattern type, a flexible hierarchical self-similar pseudo-fractal 1-D pattern type recurring with significant translational symmetry. Special algorithms have since allowed abundant detection of interaction T-patterns in humans and animals as well as in brain cell networks (rat olfactory bulb). Similar spatial 1-D patterns where then discovered on DNA. A “T-string” contains T-patterns exemplified by the “T-stringomes”, genomes vs. texts, the giant durable physical objects essential for the mass-societies of respectively, proteins and humans. This apparently unique T-string based self-similarity found nowhere else in nature constitutes bio-mathematical continuum from molecules to culture. The T-pattern is widespread in time and space and its functions are often essential. What is then the origin of T-patterns? At what level of physical/chemical organization do T-patterns and T-strings first appear and why? Are they possibly an illusion or special cases of more fundamental patterns?

Biography:
Magnus S. Magnusson, PhD, Research Professor, founder of the Human Behavior Laboratory, University of Iceland. Author of the T-pattern, the T-system and the corresponding detection algorithms and software THEMETM (PatternVision.com) initially focusing on real-time organization of behavior, Co-directed DNA analysis. Numerous papers, keynotes in ethology, neuroscience, mathematics, religion, proteomics, mass spectrometry, biotechnology and nanoscience. He was a Deputy Director since 1983-1988 in Museum of Mankind, Paris. Invited Professor at the University of Paris V, VIII and XIII in Psychology and Ethology. He works in formal collaboration between 32 European and American universities initiated 1995 at University of Paris V, Sorbonne, based on “Magnussonʼs analytical model”.

Goodbye Hospitals: Hello Implantable Sensors

Thomas J. Webster

Northeastern University, USA

There is an acute shortage of organs due to disease, trauma, congenital defect and most importantly, age related maladies. While tissue engineering (and nanotechnology) has made great strides towards improving tissue growth, infection control has been largely forgotten. Critically, as a consequence, the Centers for Disease Control have predicted more deaths from antibiotic-resistant bacteria than all cancers combined by 2050. Moreover, there has been a lack of translation to real commercial products. This talk will summarize how nanotechnology can be used to increase tissue growth and decrease implant infection without using antibiotics but using sensors (while getting regulatory approval). Our group has shown that nanofeatures, nano-modifications, nanoparticles and most importantly, nanosensors can reduce bacterial growth without using antibiotics. This talk will summarize techniques and efforts to create nanosensors for a wide range of medical and tissue engineering applications, particularly those that have received FDA approval and are currently being implanted in humans.

Biography:
Thomas J. Websterʼs (H index: 86) degrees are in chemical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh (B.S., 1995) and in biomedical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (M.S., 1997; Ph.D., 2000). Prof. Webster has graduated/supervised over 149 visiting faculty, clinical fellows, post-doctoral students and thesis completing B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. students. He is the founding editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Nanomedicine (pioneering the open-access format). Prof. Webster currently directs or co-directs several centers in the area of biomaterials: The Center for Natural and Tropical Biomaterials (Medellin, Colombia), The Center for Pico and Nanomedicine (Wenzhou China) and The International Materials Research Center (Soochow, China). He regularly appears on NBC, CNN, MSNBC, ABC News, National Geographic, Discovery Channel and BBC News talking about science and medicine. He has received numerous honors and is current a fellow of AANM, AIMBE, BMES, NAI and FSBE.

Membrane Nanomaterials Technology for Renewable Energy and Desalination

Michael Z. Hu

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA

Development of nanostructures, interfaces and surface functionalities in advanced membrane materials are important to the membrane separation performances (molecular transport flux, separation selectivity, durability and long-term stability). Supported thin-layer hybrid material membranes represent a class of high-flux membranes when fast-transporting building-block interfaces and chemistry are introduced into the layer of cross-linked polymer and/or graphene oxide (GO) sheets. Both nanoscale engineering of nanostructure (such as GO dimension, interspacing, orientation and connectivity) and molecular engineering of the cross linking and functionality (such as sulfonic acid site) matter to the membrane layer performance. Fast water-transporting membrane is an example with many applications such as in biofuel and bioproduct processing, in water treatment & desalination and in energy storage devices such as super capacitors. The speaker will highlight some recent yearʼs research on the advanced membrane materials synthesis on superhydrophobic porous membranes, superhydrophilic polymer membranes and hybrid membranes with graphene oxide sheet assembly crosslinked or dispersed into the polymer coating materials. In addition, a solar-driven membrane desalination concept will be discussed as one example application for superhydrophobic porous nanomaterials.

Biography:
Michael Z. Hu is a chemical engineer and biochemical engineer by education, serving as a Senior Research Staff Member at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Meanwhile, he is appointed by the University of Tennessee as a Joint Faculty Professor at the UT Bredesen Center and an Adjunct Professor at the Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Dept. He is the Founder Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Nanomaterials. Dr. Huʼs research is in advanced nanomaterials and chemical processing technologies for separations and catalysis. He is a team leader for a Department of Energy (DOE) program that has won a 2014 R&D100 Award based on advanced nano-membranes research.

Graphene Based Composite Coating for Supercapacitor Electrode

Mohamed Ansari M. Nainar

The National Energy University, Malaysia

With the ever growing demand and constant need for environmental friendly, sustainable and high-efficiency energy storage devices, the supercapacitors have attracted tremendous interest for potential applications in electronic circuits such as consumer electronic devices and powering application. In todayʼs electronic world, supercapacitors are in high demand for applications including electric cars, wireless telecommunications and high-powered lasers. Supercapacitors are also known as electrochemical energy storage devices that combine the high energy-storage capability of conventional batteries with high power-delivery capabilities of a conventional capacitors. It is also known for higher power and longer cycle life than normal batteries due to their superior high power density, rate capability and long cycle-life. Supercapacitors represent the alternative to common electrochemical batteries. Most common type of supercapacitors available are electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) type in which the use of graphene in supercapacitors can be represented by its greatest mechanical properties and energy density due to large surface area to weight ratio. It is reported in many journals that graphene has a theoretical surface area of 2630 square meters per gram. This density is only possible with a single standalone graphene sheet which is one of the major contributions towards the excellent supercapacitance characteristics. In this paper, a detailed study is conducted on graphene as an electrode coated composite material which shows a tremendous increase in supercapacitance properties. A new electrode coating material composites was developed and characterized through various techniques.

Biography:
Dr. Ansari is currently working as an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia. He graduated his B.Eng. (Mechanical Engg.) from University of Madras (India) in 1994, after which he was bonded to serve a Saudi company (Al-Jawdah Co.) in Riyadh, K. S. A. for 1 year. After a few years, he was invited to work as Lecturer in Polymer Technology at Crescent Engineering College (Now known as B. S. A. University, Chennai, India) where he completed 5 years of academic service. Later, he was seconded to work in Malaysiaʼs newly established University, AIMST University. After 1 year, he was given sponsorship to pursue his Ph.D at Universiti Sains Malaysia (U. S. M.). He earned his Ph.D in 2009. He has published more than 50 research publications. He serves as a technical reviewer in many international journals and conferences.

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