State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, China
Hydrogen carbon films with low or superlow friction are attracted much attention due to energy save and long life service for machines. We will show here several doped (B, N, S, etc.) hydrogen carbon films with low to superlow friction coefficient at open atmosphere or vacuum. With low content of dopanted of heterogeneous elements, amorphous hydrogen carbon films are easier to form carbon nanostructure wrapped with polymer-like structure, which help to low the adhesion and friction force, endow the amorphous hydrogen carbon films superlow friction properties.
Biography:
Bin Zhang has received his Dr. Degree in 2011 and has taken researcher assistant position at the same year. From 2018, he advanced to be a professor. He focuses on thin films growth via plasma methods, including PVD and PECVD. He also works on friction and lubrication of films and their applications on industrial machines. He has published 43 SCI papers.
1AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland
2West Pomeranian University of Technology, Poland
The paper presents the results of research into the effect of activation process temperature on the development of the porous structure of activated carbons produced from the leaves of the common polypody by way of chemical activation with H3PO4. The research was based on the isotherms of adsorption of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and methane. The porous structure of the activated carbons produced in the process was analyzed using the BET, the DR and the DFT methods, as well as the original LBET method, in which the microporous structure was analyzed on the basis of three isotherms of adsorption of nitrogen, carbon-dioxide and methane defined for the particular monoliths of activated carbon has been evidenced in the research in question, the proposed approach offers a substantial advantage compared with the application of only the most common nitrogen adsorption isotherms to carry out the analyses. It results from the fact that, as shown in the research, the structural parameters arrived at on the basis of the different adsorbates depart significantly from one another, which testifies to differences in the properties of the particular adsorption systems.
Biography:
Dr. Miroslaw Kwiatkowski in 2004 obtained Ph.D. degree at the AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow (Poland) and in 2018 D.Sc. degree at the Wrocław University of Technology (Poland). Currently Dr. Mirosław Kwiatkowski is working as an assistant professor at the AGH-UST. His published work includes more than 45 papers in reputable international journals and 90 conference proceedings. He is the editor in chief of The International Journal of System Modeling and Simulation (United Arab Emirates), an associate editor of Micro & Nano Letters Journal (United Kingdom) and a member of the organizing committees in many international conferences in Europe, Asia and USA. Dr. Mirosław Kwiatkowski is also a regular reviewer in most reputable scientific journals. His research interest include: chemical technology, chemical and physical chemistry, nanotechnology, material science and engineering, mathematical modeling of the adsorption process, computer science, electrical energy markets and problems connected with economics and management.
Clark Atlanta University, USA
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to understand the binding of eight aliphatic amino acids (glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, cysteine, methionine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid) individually with two finite size graphene sheets. After performing conformational analysis for these eight amino acids using Merck Molecular Force Field (MMFF) implemented in Spartan ‘18 software package, geometries of all the conformers were refined first at the HF/6-31G (d) level and then at the M06-2X/6-31G (d) level. The most stable conformer obtained at the M06-2X/6-31G (d) level was used to build complexes with graphene by considering different possible binding modes. All the complexes were fully optimized using M06-2X/6-31G (d) level. Binding energies with and without basis set super position error (BSSE) corrections were calculated and analyzed. Our study reveals that multiple C-H…pi and N-H…pi interactions contribute for stabilization of the complexes. The data obtained from our computational study may be helpful for force field development and for future experiments on non-covalent interactions of amino acids with graphene. Our findings would provide insights for experiment a lists exploring graphene nanomaterials for potential applications in drug delivery, biomedical implants (or biocompatible materials), biomedical imaging, protein sequencing and biosensor devices. Our goal is to understand the relationship between the binding affinities of various complexes and structural features including the orientation of amino acid adsorbed on varying sizes of graphene surface.
Biography:
Jovian is currently a Ph.D. student in chemistry at Clark Atlanta University (CAU). He earned his B.S. in chemistry from Savannah State University. While attending CAU, he achieved several prestigious awards such as Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) Scholar in 2016, XSEDE travel award for PEARC17 conference and Mickey Leland Energy Fellowship (MLEF)-U.S., Department of Energy (DOE) in summer of 2018. Some of his research interests are computational design of materials, nanomaterials-based alternative energy, solar energy harvesting and utilization of electrochemistry for conversion of environmental gases. After graduation, he plans to take a postdoc position preferably at a national lab.
Vellore Institute of Technology, India
Nanotoxicology is a demarcated discipline that educates about the positive and negative effects of nanomaterials in living beings. The toxicity measurement of the engineered nanodevices and nanomaterials is absolutely mandatory due to its wide range of applications from biomedical to environmental. Both In-Vitro and In-Vivo assessment techniques are reported for determining toxicity of nanoparticles. However, the consequences of nanoparticle usage in different experimental models need to be explored in details to ascertain their toxic effects. Oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, actin filament integrity, alteration of gene expression, mitochondrial damage and production of reactive oxygen species are few hazardous effects of nanoparticles expressed against living organisms. The toxicity of nanoparticles in the cellular level varies with their routes of entry. This review explains detailed overview of toxicity of nanoparticles in In-Vivo and In-Vitro systems along with the precarious aspects responsible for their toxicity which further can be of importance to researchers, scientists, manufacturers and also consumers for evaluating the pertinence of certain nanoparticles.
Biography:
Avipsha Sarkar is currently working as an Asst. Professor (Jr.) in VIT, Vellore, India. Her publications include 6 book chapters and 3 journal articles pertaining to nano-remediation, cancer biology and nutraceuticals. Her recent book chapter deals with application of data mining in nutrigenomics which was published in the book ‘Machine Learning and IoT: A biological perspectiveʼ, CRC press Taylor and Francis group. Her research interests include cancer biology, proteins, nanotechnology, drug design and computational biology.
Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
Presenting three of our primary research topics, as each relates to 1D/2D materials, substrates and surfaces. First, will focus on the investigation of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-growth of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) as well as their heterostructures and characterization to illuminate the role of dissimilar 2D substrates in the prevention of interior defects in TMDs. We further demonstrate the epitaxial growth of TMDs on hBN and graphene, as well as vertical/lateral heterostructures of TMDs, uniquely forming in-phase 2D heterostructures. This research provides a detailed observation of the oxidation and anti-oxidation behaviours of TMDs, which corroborate the role of underlying 2D layers in the prevention of interior defects in TMDs. If the technique could be developed to be highly reliable and high fidelity, it could have a large impact on the future research and commercialization of TMD-based devices.
The second research area concerns our development and application of flexible electrodes and energy storage towards wearable and multifunctional electronics. Here, we develop a facile fabrication technique utilizing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs), which enables high-throughput fabrication of flexible electrodes. For example, our structure shows a high flexibility and stability during stretching up to 20% and bending up to 180 degrees, promising for various flexible electronics applications. Lastly, we investigate and utilize smart polymer functional surfaces using dodecylbenzenesulfonate-doped polypyrrole (PPy (DBS)); we demonstrate a novel in situ control of droplet pinning on the polymer surface, enabling the control of droplet adhesion from strongly pinned to extremely slippery (and vice versa). The pinning of organic droplets on the surfaces is dramatically controlled in situ, presenting great potential for manipulation and control of liquid droplets for various applications including oil separation, water treatment and anti-bacterial surfaces. We believe that our work represents a major advance in materials science and engineering, especially pertaining to those topics that involve functional and tunable surfaces.
Keywords: Transition Metal Dichalcogenides, 2D Materials, Flexible Electrodes, Oil/Water Separation
Biography:
Dr. E. H. Yang is a full professor of Mechanical Engineering Department at Stevens Institute of Technology. He worked as a Senior Member of the Engineering Staff at NASAʼs Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). In recognition of his excellence in advancing the use of MEMS-based actuators for NASAʼs space applications, he received the prestigious Lew Allen Award for Excellence at JPL in 2003. He joined Stevens Institute of Technology in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in 2006. Currently, his groupʼs research covers the growth and nanofabrication of graphene, carbon nanotubes and 2D materials, as well as the implementation of tunable wetting and surface interaction. Dr. Yangʼs service to the professional community includes formal appointments such as Editorial Board Member of Natureʼs Scientific Reports and Elsevier NANOSO and Associate Editor of IEEE Sensors and ASME JEECS. Dr. Yang has published hundreds of papers and provided keynotes, presentations and seminars at various academic and industrial events.
1Soongsil University, Republic of Korea
2Wonkwang University, Republic of Korea
Aqua-friendly esterified nanocellulose (ENC) was prepared by using deep eutectic solvent (DES). Phthalic anhydride (PA) and DES made of oxalic acid and choline chlorides (OAC) were mainly used as a reagent and solvent. Results indicated that shape and size of ENC could be varied by preparation methods. Analyses of ENC proposed that oxalic acid participated as both solvent and reactant, resulting in formation of various types of anhydrides with reagent and cellulose. Characterization of ENC was performed by FTIR, TGA, X-ray diffraction, SEM and zeta potential analyzer. FTIR analysis substantiated various types of esters and anhydride groups caused by the presence of PA and oxalic acid within OAC DES. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed effect of ultrasonic irradiation times on crystalline level of ENC formed. TGA indicated that the ENC showed a unique three-step thermal decomposition unlike pristine cellulose. Results indicated that esterification of nanocellulose affected on solubility in both positive and negative ways. In positive way, reaction of cellulose hydroxyl group by anhydride cleaved intra- and inter-chain hydrogen bonds, consequently increasing solubility of ENC, whereas in negative way introduction of hydrophobic group such as alkyl chain or aromatic ring decreased its solubility. This ENC was anionic in dissolved state and its sorption capacity was studied against heavy metal ions. Results confirmed that sorption of metal ions was influenced by three parameters such as pH and amounts of ENC in the solution and concentration of PA that used in preparing ENC. Therefore, unlike conventional techniques, the current process allowed a rapid preparation of aqua-friendly nanocellullose in much simple steps with eco-friendly ways.
Biography:
Hyung-Min Choi has completed his PhD from University of Maryland, USA. He has been an assistant and associate professor at Louisiana State University and Kansas State University, respectively and has worked for Kimberly-Clark Corp. He has been a professor at Soongsil University since 1995 and has served as Dean of College of Engineering and Provost, Senior Vice President for Research and Academic-Industrial Cooperation. He also has been a visiting professor at Southern Regional Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, University of Rhode Island and University of Virginia. He is a member of American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists and Korean Textile Engineering Association. He has published more than 150 papers in world-wide scientific journals.
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
The shortage supply of fossil fuels in addition to the excess demand of low pollution environmental enhances the needs of renewable energy sources. Typical examples of renewable energy sources are wind, wave and solar power. These energy sources have the common problems:
a. It is only available in certain non uniform time intervals.
b. The generated power is not regulated and needs electronic circuits to be adapted for customer utilization.
c. To insure permanent energy availability, the concept of uninterrupted power supply is applied where reliable energy storage systems such as batteries are used. Different battery types such as traditional lead–acid, Ni–Cd, Ni–MH, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and ( super capacitors) SCs, various advanced batteries such as lithium–air/–sulfur, sodium/aluminum ion batteries and aqueous metal ion batteries have been emerging and great efforts have been devoted to optimize their overall performance for future practical applications. Building better energy storage devices not only depends on the micro-/nanostructure design of electrode materials but more crucially relies on the deviceʼs configuration engineering. The availability of solar power in the middle area makes the investment in solar-powered electric vehicle charging station.
This review first addresses the fundamental of different battery types while focusing on the recent advances on various existing and emerging BSHs. Furthermore, recent progresses in BSH devices with specific functionalities of flexibility and transparency, etc. will be highlighted.
The article will also introduce the design procedure and new trends for constructing Cost Effective Smart Solar Charge Station for EV (Electric Vehicle) application.
Different photovoltaic charging station architectures will be present with some comparative analysis. The architecture includes a combination of charge controller based on the smart battery charging algorithms with the unidirectional PWM technique based on the grid to vehicle strategy in Smart Grid. Power quality, running EV power consumption and cost analysis will be considered for a given design of smart charge station. Future research trends in both B-SCs and smart charging algorithms will be also covered.
Biography:
Mohamed Abouelela received the B.Sc., M.Sc. from Ain Shams University, Egypt in 1978, 1982 respectively and PhD degree from Clude Bernard University, Lyon, France in 1987, all in electrical engineering. He joined the EE Dept. Fac. of Eng., Ain Shams University since 1978 as an instructor. He got the positions of assistant professor, associated professor and full professor in 1987, 1994 and 2000 respectively in the same department. His research area covers PLL, frequency synthesizers, PV systems, computer interfacing, M2M and embedded systems. His current position is full professor at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter (FJIRSM), CAS, China
Transparent glass ceramic doped with active rare-earth ions is an advanced composite material composed of a glassy matrix and the precipitated nanocrystals incorporated with active ions. This material is expected to integrate the advantages of optical features from the nanocrystals and mechanical and chemical properties from the oxide glass. In this decade, such novel optical materials with excellent frequency conversion characteristics, i.e., up-conversion, quantum cutting down-conversion or down-shift emissions, had attracted increasing scientific interests in the field of functional materials, stimulated by their wide potential applications in the industry areas of light emitting diode (LED), photovoltaic solar cell, three dimensional display, as well as solid state laser. In recent years, my group is dedicated in systematic investigations of the property-directed design, synthesis, structure modification and frequency conversion performance as well as the related potential applications of a serious of rare-earth doped inorganic composite glass ceramics, placing extra emphases mainly on searching the routes to achieve high luminescent quantum efficiencies, revealing the physical mechanisms dominating optical performances and establishing structure-property relationships of the composite materials. This presentation introduces some of our main progresses achieved in these aspects and discusses several prospective applications of the newly developed glass ceramic materials.
Biography:
Yuansheng Wang received his B.S. degree (1982) from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), M.S. degree (1985) from Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Ph.D (1989) in Condensed Matter Physics from USTC. He was appointed the position of Professor of Chemistry in Fuzhou University, China in 1999. He has Joined Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter (FJIRSM), CAS as a Professor since 2002, leading a group conducting researches on optoelectronic nanomaterials. He has published over 160 academic papers in the mainstream international SCI journals and received more than 6000 citations, with the h-index of 44.
1Vellore Institute of Technology, India
2Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
3Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, India
Despite the wide-ranging uses of iron oxide nanoparticles, the physical and chemical methods commonly used to synthesize them, limits their application. Physical methods are generally power-intensive, while chemical methods employ chemicals for surface modification which often render the nanoparticles toxic to be used for biological applications. As a result, biological materials can be used either to synthesize the nanoparticles or can act as capping agent to make them biocompatible. In the present study, two types of iron oxide nanoparticles, namely hematite nanoparticles and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been synthesized using biological means. The former have been synthesized using a culture of Bacillus cereus, while the latter have been coated with various plant extracts. The potential of these nanoparticles in biomedical applications and environmental remediation have been explored using In-Vitro cytotoxicity assays, antioxidant assays, bacterial inhibition studies and adsorption studies.
Biography:
Dr. Shampa Sen completed her Ph.D. in Environment from Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India. She is the Associate Professor at School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, India. With extensive experience in academia, she has more than 60 publications in the fields of biotechnology, drug design, nanobiotechnology and nutraceuticals. She has edited two books published by Taylor and Francis, “Nanotechnology in Nutraceuticals: Production to Consumption” and “Machine Learning and IoT: A Biological Perspective”. She is actively involved in many professional development activities. Her research interests include biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles, nanoparticles in biomedical and environmental applications, metabolic engineering, drug design and computational biology. She is a life member of Biotech Research Society, India (BRSI), Environmental Mutagen Society of India (EMSI) and zonal co-ordinator of International Neural Network Society (INNS). She is also a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology.
1Iran Nanotechnology Innovation Council, Iran
2Allameh Tabatabaʼi University, Iran
This paper analyzes Iranʼs catch-up policies in nanotechnology development, using a qualitative approach. For this purpose, we investigated national strategic plans and the annual reports on nanotechnology development in Iran since 2005. We also carried out in-depth interviews with the managers and experts at Iran Nanotechnology Innovation Council (INIC) and the founders of some of the nanotechnology enterprises. The study shows that Iran has accomplished the successful implementation of a ten-year national nanotechnology development plan and is now running its second ten-year program. Supporting the academic researchers in these programs has accelerated the scientific catch-up process of the country. As a result, Iran was rocketed from the 58th place in 2000 to the worldʼs 4th rank in publishing nano-articles in 2018.
The governmentʼs nanotechnology promotion programs have also facilitated the technological catch-up of the domestic nanotechnology firms so that about 205 Iranian nanotechnology-based small enterprises are producing more than 500 nano-products. The market of these products was growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 104% from 2014 to 2018.
Most of the policy instruments to support the nanotechnology firms, including pre-commercial procurement, support for product promotion and supports for receiving certificates are classified as supply-side oriented policies. However, some demand-side efforts have been added to the government policy toolkit. Technology brokerage programs and subsidizing academic purchases are some examples.
This research shows that Iran, as a latecomer country, has successfully passed the stage of the scientific catch-up of nanotechnology and is going to be an active actor in nanotechnology commercialization. The technological catch-up model of the nanotechnology firms and enterprises in Iran is different from the conventional models advanced in the literature. The findings of the research are useful for other latecomers that would like to benefit from the technological windows of opportunities at the nanoscale to enhance the competitiveness of their industries.
Keywords: Nanotechnology, Commercialization, Catch-up, Iran
Biography:
Jahanyar Bamdad Soofi is an Associate professor in Allameh Tabatabaʼi University of Tehran-Iran, which is one of the best universities in human sciences. He had accomplished his PhD thesis in Université des Lille (institute dʼ Administration des Enterprise) in France in 1992.
Institute of Chemistry of Tajik Academy of Science, Tajikistan
The starting chemicals for the synthesis of neodymium oxide were neodymium metal and commercially available reagent grade nitric acid. Highly dispersed powders of neodymium sesquioxide Nd2O3 were synthesized by template method. According to this method hydrated cellulose fibers (medical cotton) were impregnated with a neodymium nitrate water solution of the concentration 5 times as less as it corresponds to the maximal stoichiometric value obtained when neodymium metal is dissolved in 63% nitric acid. These wet fibers were air-dried at 80 °C for 3 hours and subsequently air-calcined for 9 hours at 550 °C. The choice of the calcinations temperature value was due to a requirement that this value should be as low as possible, since at low synthesis temperatures the formation of nanostructured particles is highly favorable and because of that the complete thermal decomposition of cellulose fibers was shown in our previous works within the project implementation to proceed at temperatures well above 500 °C. Alternatively, the calcination temperature was raised up to 1000 °C.
The composition and structure of the prepared oxides were studied by advanced methods.
The obtained powders had light-blue appearance, while XRF spectrum of the neodymia prepared by the thermal decomposition of neodymium nitrate (Fig. 73) at 550 °C shows no presence of metals other than neodymium. The discussion of other results should take into account that like other rare earth sesquioxides neodymia readily absorbs water vapours and carbon dioxide from the surrounding air (Adachi and Imanaka 1998). With this respect thermo gravimetric analysis, BET, IR and XRD spectroscopy and elemental analysis for “light” elements, i.e. carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (Table) are in a good agreement with each other. The thermal analysis (thermo gravimetry) evidences that on heating all compounds both presented in the bulk and on the surface (hydroxides and carbonates) will be decomposed.
The microstructure of neodymia synthesized at 550 °C as derived by high resolution electron microscopy and electron micro diffraction is very fine with the crystallite size of about 20–30 nm. An increase in the annealing temperature up to 1000 °C leads to an increase in the degree of crystallinity of neodymia, but the crystallite sizes do not markedly change, as evidenced by electron microscopy data. XRD analysis of neodymia samples obtained by the thermal decomposition at 550 °C and 1000 °C of neodymium nitrate taken at low concentration evidences (Fig.) the presence of one crystal phase of Nd2O3 with the structural type of A-form of rare-earth sesquioxide, its unit cell is characterized: a = 0.383±0, 002 nm; c = 0.600±0, 003 nm
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by International Science & technology Center (ISTC), #Project T-1882.
UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, India
Crystalline, morphological and dynamic light scattering studies of copper telluride nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized successfully using diethylene glycol have been carried out. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements confirm phase purity and hexagonal crystal structure of the NPs. The crystallite size evaluated using Scherer formula is 34 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopic study confirms the disc-like shape of average size 45 nm NPs, slightly bigger than that of Scherer size. This is 850 nm from dynamic light scattering measurements deionized water (DIW) associated with a zeta potential of -17.74 mV indicating instability in DIW. These NPs exhibit room-temperature Seebeck coefficient (S) and electric conductivity (σ) of 10.5 μV/K and 1166 S/m, respectively, which result in a power factor (S2σ) of 0.13 μW/(mK2). Positive sign of S is indicative of holes as the dominant carrier in the material. Further, this material exhibit metallic behavior in the temperature range 5 K–325 K.
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