School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, India
Background: Synthesis of environmental friendly nanogreen catalyst due to their very high efficiencyand recyclability in color removal from dyes intextile wastewaters needs urgent attention as these wastewaters are toxic for the aquatic life and they obstruct the penetration of sunlight.
Methods: Thus, highly stable and homogeneously dispersed amino acid functionalized silver nanoparticles of ≈10nm diameter, λmax ranging 420 to 430 nm is prepared on AgNO3 solution addition to gum of Azadirachtaindicasolution at 373.15 K. Thisfacile synthesis is in aqueous phase, without involvement of any toxic chemicals making it a green approach. The amino acids were selected based on their polarity. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR spectroscopy, HR-TEM, XRD and SEM, while the 1H-NMR confirmed functionalization of silver nanoparticles (ANP) by the amino acids. The functionalized nanoparticles were used as catalyst for the reduction of methylene blue dye in presence of Sn(II) in aqueous, anionic and cationic micellar media.
Results: The rate of reduction of dyewas determined by measuringthe decrease in absorbance of the dye at 660 nm, spectrophotometrically. The rate of reduction follows Kcationic>Kanionic>Kwaterorder and the polarity and -R group of amino acids played a major role for showing this catalytic activity. After 12 min and in absence of the ANP, only 2%, 3% and 6% of the dye reduction was completed in aqueous, anionic and cationic micellar mediarespectively while, in presence of ANP functionalized by polar neutral amino acid with non-polar -R group, the reduction completed to 84%, 95% and 98% respectively.
Short Conclusions: The ANP functionalized with polar neutral amino acid having non-polar -R group, increased the rate of reduction of the dye by 94, 3205 and 6370 folds in aqueous, anionic and cationic micellar media respectively. Also, the rate of reduction of the dye increased by three folds when the micellar media was changed from anionic to cationic when the ANPis functionalized by a polar neutral amino acid having a non-polar -R group. The antimicrobial assay of these functionalized ANPʼs is under study. The detailed results will be discussed in the presentation.
Biography:
The author is currently doing his Ph.D. in chemistry from Central University of Gujarat, India, on synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their application as biosensors, catalyst & antimicrobial agents. He completed his graduation & post-graduation from University of Delhi and his research area of interest is nanoparticles & interactions involving biomolecules and surfactants. He has published research works based on these in reputed journals like “JCT (Elsevier) and JCED (ACS)”. He has presented his works at international conferences, one of them sponsored by RSC and was selected to attend UGC sponsored Winter School on Computational Chemistry at University of Hyderabad.
1Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
2Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan
3Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
4Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is linked to the aggressiveness, invasiveness and metastasis of lung cancers. The use of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as erlotinibhas proved to be highly selective for the EGFR tyrosine kinase, resulting in cell cycle arrest, inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells. Despite the success erlotinib achieved in fighting lung cancers, the problem of grading and monitoring the tumor as well as predicting the treatment responsemay result in failure of the therapy and resistance of the tumor.
As an attempt to solve this problem, we designed a novel theranostic nanoparticle formulation (NPs) of superparamagnetic iron oxidecore coated with a thin dextran layer and linked to erlotinib (79 µg/mg Fe). Such NPs are smart, targeting cancer cells that overexpress the EGFR, releasing the active drug intracellularly rather than in the blood stream, accumulating inside the cancer cellsproducing high contrast in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and beingnon-toxic to the EGFR-negative cells. Cellular uptake of the NPs was higher than the product used commonly in clinical practice as MRI contrast agent, this was evident from the MRI imaging, TEM and Prussian blue staining results. Furthermore, we tested the molecular mechanisms that may account for the potent activity of ourNPs and found that the NPs inhibited the phosphorylation of the overexpressed EGFRas well as the oncogenic signaling pathwaysdownstream of the EGFR such as the ERK and NF-κB pathways which was confirmed by Western blotting and confocal immunocytochemical imaging. Moreover, the NPs inhibited the expression of the angiogenesis stimulating protein VEGF, the invasion and migration enhancing protein MMP-9, the proliferation regulating protein Cyclin D1 and the apoptosis inhibiting protein XIAP.
Biography:
Ahmed Atef Ahmed Ali is a PhD candidate in Academia Sinica and National Defense Medical Center. He published 4 papers in highly reputed journals and submitted 4 more papers which are currently under review. He received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees from Cairo University with “Distinction honor” total grade and received the “Shield of Excellence” award from the Egyptian Pharmacist Syndicate for advancing the pharmaceutical industry by his research. Owing to his academic excellence, he got exempted from payingthe tuition fees for the whole duration of study. He worked as a lecturer at Misr International University for 8 years where he received the “Outstanding and Commendable Performance” award for his achievements. He was elected as the representative of the Molecular Cell Biology program in the Graduate Student Association of Academia Sinica in Taiwan for two years.
1Centre of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials, Advanced Manufacturing Institute, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Egypt
In this study, nanocrystalline aluminium alloy was produced from metallic powders with addition of 10wt. %Fe and 5wt. %Cr processed using mechanical alloying (MA) technique. The initial powders were processed in a planetary ball mill for 150 hours at room temperature in an inert atmosphere. The processed powders were consolidated and sintered using a high frequency induction heat sintering (HFIHS) machine to form bulk samples. The crystallize size of the bulk samples was calculated from the peak profile obtained through X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of nanocrystalline aluminium alloy was studied in 3.5% NaCl solution at room and higher temperatures using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization resistance (LPR) techniques. Linear polarization resistance curves, Nyquist data and Bode curves obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, suggest that the alloy have good resistance to corrosion in sodium chloride solution at room temperature as well as at higher temperatures.
Keywords: Nanocrystalline aluminium alloy, mechanical alloying, corrosion, polarization, EIS
Biography:
Dr. Asiful Hossain Seikh is an experienced result oriented Researcher with a professional background comprising 18years of research, technical and supervisory experience in materials, corrosion, mechanical, chemical and metallurgy engineering. His areas of technical experience include materials/polymer research and testing, failure analysis, materials specification and selection, corrosion control and monitoring, paints and coating evaluation, inhibitor evaluation and chemical treatment. Dr. Seikh has completed his Bachelor degree (1994) in Materials & Metallurgy from National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India and Master (1997) & PhD (2005) in Materials & Metallurgical Engineering from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. During his professional career in KACST (2003-2005), Riyadh, KSA, UAE University (2005-2010), Al Ain, UAE and King Saud University (2011-Present), he has been involved in a number of research and industrial projects related to corrosion and metallurgy. Based on the results of his research work, a number of research papers (20 Journals & 6 Conferences) have been published.
Shenzhen University, China
ZnO microrods array with nanospikes are fabricated on silicon substrate using thermal chemical vapor transport. The field emission property of ZnO microrods array with nanospikes is characterized. The low turn-on electronic field and the high current density are achieved with ZnO microrods array with nanospikes as the emitters. It is suggested that the special morphology of ZnO microrods array with nanospikes play a crucial role for its excellent field emission property, and well aligned ZnO microrods array with nanospikes can be a promising candidate for an emitter. The growth mechanism of ZnO microrods array with nanospikes can be explained by the combination of vapor–solid (VS) and secondary nucleation processes.
Biography:
Bing Wang received her Ph.D. degrees in materials physics and chemistry from SunYat-sen University in China at 2007. In 2007, she joined Shenzhen University in China as a Lecturer and became Associate Professor of Optoelectronic engineering at 2009. Her research interests include (i) development of new nanomaterials forthe gas sensorapplications, (ii) sensor devices, (iii) micro-fabrication process, (iv) vacuummicro/nanoelectronics, and (v) optical characteristics of nanomaterials.
1Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Taiwan
2National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Taiwan
The global extreme climate and gradual shortage of nature resources remind us the rising energy crisis. A new era of renewable energy is dawning and material scientists are devoted to search new sources of clean energy that can satisfy the human demand for energy. The new energy material that has efficient energy conversion/generation/storage is the most pressing challenge. In many important energy-material systems such as artificial photosynthesis, nanostructured catalysts, and smart materials, the change of atomic and electronic structure near the interfacial region upon the reaction provide the fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical properties of a material. Investigation of these interfacial phenomena provides the critical information to better design the material and thus optimize its performance. Synchrotron x-ray spectroscopies, including x-ray absorption and x-ray emission spectroscopies can be used to study the local unoccupied and occupied electronic structures. Use ofthe in situ/in operando technique, determination of the change of atomic/electronic structures of the energy material under its real working condition now becomes possible. This presentation will report the emerging in situ/in operando characterization on energy relevant materials by x-ray spectroscopy. New characterization tool and a number of recent studies of electronic structure of energy-related materials will be presented.
Biography:
Chung-Li Dong isanassistant professorof Department of Physics, Tamkang University, Taiwan. He received his Ph.D. in Physics from Tamkang University in 2004. He worked as a postdoc in Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica (2005-2009). Concurrently he also worked as postdoc in Advanced X-ray Inelastic Scattering group at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA. He joined the scientific research group as an assistant scientist at National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center in 2009. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals. His research focuses on x-ray spectroscopic study of the electronic structure of energy materials.
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia
Today, the use of carbon based materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, etc. in various applications is being extensively studied by researchers in the field. One of such applications is using them in gas sensors. While analytical investigations on the physical and chemical properties of carbon nanomaterials are the focal points in the studies, the need for experimental measurements on various physical characteristics of these materials is deeply felt. In this work, a set of experiments have been conducted using arc discharge Methane decomposition attempting to obtain carbonaceous materials (C-strands) formed between graphite electrodes. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the fabricated C-strands have been investigated in the presence and absence of two different gases, NO2 and CO2. The results reveal that the current passing through the carbon films increases when the concentrations of gases are increased from 200 to 800 ppm. This phenomenon is a result of conductance changes and can be employed in sensing applications such as gas sensors.
Biography:
Elnaz Akbari received her M.Sc. Electrical-mechatronics and automatic control from Universiti Teknologi, Malaysia in 2011 and she has completed her Ph.D. at University technology of Malaysia (UTM) in 2014. Currently she is a Postdoc researcher in the Department of Electrical engineering at the University technology of Malaysia (UTM). Her research interests lie in the area of Nano electronic, chemical and bio sensors applications. In recent years, she has focused on better techniques for expressing, analyzing of sensors based on nano materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes. She has collaborated actively with researchers in several other disciplines of electronic science.
Faculty of Science, Hail University, Saudi Arabia
The increasing concern towards protection of the environment, energy saving and optimization of a wide range of industrial processes imposes the need for development of advanced separation techniques in particular for liquid waste and effluents. Recently, the separation of precious metals has become very important due to rapidly growing demand of the metals in the field of electronic devices, autocatalysis, etc. Nowadays, various ligands have been developed for this purpose. However, these ligands suffer several limitations like slow kinetics of extraction, low solubility, poor decontamination factor, pH sensitivity and instability in acidic medium. It is already know that amidic extractant like malonamides(MA) and diglycolamide(DGA) when used in higher concentrations can extract palladium from nitric acid medium with simultaneous co-extraction of other metal ions. Sulphur analogue of diglycolamide (TDGA) has been also used for PGMs extraction. However, high selectivity and extractability of these ligand was attributed the presence of thio-etheric sulfur and amidic moiety appropriately placed in ligand to chelate through more than one donor sites. In the present work, a new dithiodiglycolamides (DTDGA), namely, N,N,N′,N′-tetra-n-octyl-dithiodiglycolamide (TODTDGA), has been synthesized and studied for their extraction behavior towards Pd(II), Pt(IV), Rh(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Fe(III) from hydrochloric acid medium. All results were compared with those obtained by using N,N,N′,N′-tetra-n-octyl-thiodiglycolamide (TOTDGA), which contain one thio-etheric sulfur. Extraction equilibrium studies showed complete extraction of palladium within 5 minutes. A systematic liquid-liquid extraction investigations has been carried out to understand the influence of various parameters on the extraction behavior of pd(II). The main extracted species of Pd(II) was found to be PdCl2. DTDGA, and IR spectra of the extracted species have been also investigated. The synthesized dithiodiglycolamides (TODTDGA) showed great extractability and selectivity for palladium than the other investigated metal ions. Pd(II) was found to be easily separated from other investigated metal ions in a single extraction step.
1University of Nottingham, UK
2The University of Massachusetts, USA
Effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exposure on two geographical cultivars of Vigna subterranea from two African countries were investigated. After inoculation in half strength Hoagland medium amended with 250mg L-1 Ag NPs for 15 days, both physiological and biochemical responses were evaluated. Exposure significantly decreased plant growth by up to 85%. Interestingly, Ag NPs exposure significantly decreased mean shoot biomass in all treatments but increased root mass(34% and 66%) in relation to control. Chlorophyll production was reduced by approximately 46% (in the more tolerant) and 86% (in the more sensitive) for the two cultivars and observed catalase activity was about 50% of the activity in NPs stressed root tissues for the sensitive cultivar. It may be perceived that the inherent stress is associated with observed surge in catalase activity across all cultivars. Also, the observed increase in catalase activity is positively correlated at the 99.9% level (r = 0.9571, n = 10) with decreasingchlorophyll content on exposure. Recorded ascorbate peroxidase activity was higher in leaf tissues. Statistical analysis revealed marked difference between superoxide dismutase activities of V. subterranea cultivars and also between treatments. Time trend of transpiration rate revealed a decreasing trend throughout the growth period.
Keywords: Catalase; Peroxidase; Vigna subterranea; Superoxide dismutase; Silver nanoparticles exposure; Nanotoxicity; Transpiration rate; African crops.
Biography:
Dr. EuchariaOluchiNwaichi is an Environmental Biochemist and currently a visiting academic at the University of Nottingham. Beside her cores, she teaches HSE and Science communication and has worked in diverse industries. Eucharia never waits for a perfect condition to launch her studies geared at finding a sustainable, cheap, environmentally - friendly and safe clean up strategies for remediation of impacted environments, findings which are well consumed. She has received many awards and honors, including the prestigious Commonwealth Fellowship, UNESCO LʼOreal International Fellowships FWIS, among many others. In addition, Eucharia has extensive experience in science outreach in a multi – disciplinary field approach and has worked with host communities and stakeholders to develop a phytoremediation model in a parched environment.
1Chemistry department, School of Science and Engineering, American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
2Material Science department, Nanotechnology center, Zewail City for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
Interactive polymeric electrospun nanofibers is considered a very promising matrix for treatment of chronic wounds. The 3 dimensional structure of nanofibers allow it to mimic the extracellular matrix of the tissues. Also the ability to deliver bioactive ingredients allow it to further promote wound healing and preventing infections. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a versatile biopolymer that is widely used as a biomaterial. However, one of the major issues which limits its further application in tissue engineering purposes is its hydrophobic nature and poor cellular interaction. a In this study, an antibacterial electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, with diameters around 400–1000 nm, were prepared by physical blending PLA with a hydrophylic biopolymer, cellulose acetate (CA), to achieve desirable properties such as better hydrophilicity, excellent cell attachment and proliferation. For preventing common clinical infections, an antimicrobial agent, Thymoquinone, TQ was incorporated into the electrospun fibers. TQ is the active ingredient of Nigella sativa andit is well known for its antibacterial properties and ability to promote wound healing. The potentiality of the prepared scaffolds, regarding being used as an interactive wound dressing, has been investigated including, swelling behavior, WVP and porosity. The release profile of TQ from the prepared scaffolds was also examined at the physiological pH (7.4) and temperature (37 °C). The antimicrobial efficiency of the prepared scaffolds against gram negative and gram positive bacteria were determined by the agar diffusion assay. The interaction between fibroblasts and the TQ-loaded PLA: CA scaffolds such as viability, proliferation, and attachment were characterized. TQ-loaded PLA: CA scaffolds showed burst TQ release after 24 h, compared with medicated PLA scaffolds, followed by a sustained release rate for 9 successive days. The presence of CA in the nanofiberous scaffolds improved its hydrophilicity, and water uptake capacity. Furthermore, it created a moist environment for the wound, which can accelerate wound recovery. The results also indicated that medicated PLA: CA nanocomposite scaffolds showed a significant antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. TQ-loaded PLA: CA composite scaffolds enhanced cell viability, attachment and proliferation, as compared to TQ-loaded PLA nanofibers. A preliminary in vivo study performed on normal full thickness mice skin wound models demonstrated that TQ-loaded PLA: CA (7:3) scaffolds significantly accelerated the wound healing process by promoting angiogenesis, increasing re-epithelialization and controlling granulation tissue formation. Our results suggest that TQ-loaded PLA: CA nanocomposite mat could be an ideal biomaterial for wound dressing applications.
Keywords: Poly-lactic acid, cellulose acetate, wound dressing, chronic wounds
Biography:
Salma Fouad is M.Sc. holder, nano-chemistry, American university in Cairo (AUC). She was first graduated from faculty of science, Ain shams University in 2010. In spring 2012, she joined the American university, as a chemistry master student, and got her degree in fall 2015.
Salma worked as teaching assistant in the chemistry department, AUC, from fall 2012-till spring 2015. In 2013, Salma joined Zewail city for science and technology where she worked asboth teaching assistant in the chemistry department, andresearch assistant in the material science department, Nanotechnology center.
Salma was awarded the University fellowship and the thesis grant from the School of science and engineering, AUC. Also she was awarded the graduate student of honor for her academic achievement throughout her graduate study.
King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
In this study, achitosan based non-woven nanofibrousmembrane was fabricated by electrospinningtechnique. Chitosan being a natural polymer offers environmentally benign, nontoxic and antibacterial properties, which are rather favourable for a water filtration membrane. Three types of chitosan material combinations were utilized e.g. i) untreated chitosan, ii) chitosan-polypropylenehybrid blend and iii) hydrolysed chitosanto fabricate a set of nanofibrous membranes. The morphological characteristic of the fabricated membranes was analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), which revealed that the process parameters affected the membraneʼs uniformity and integrity. The mechanical property and antibacterial activity were also investigated through tensile and microbial tests, respectively. All three types of chitosan based materials showed promise to be processed into non-woven nanofibrous membrane. However, the chitosan-polypropylene hybrid membrane was observed to be the optimum amongst the three, in terms of fabrication process and necessary characteristics like, mechanical strength and antibacterial activity. The preliminary test results suggest that the chitosan based electrospunnanofibrous membrane holds high potential for advanced water filtration.
Keywords: Chitosan, Electrospinning, Nanofibrous, Membrane, Filtration
Biography:
Dr. Md Enamul Hoque is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering. He received his PhD in Mechanical Engineering (major in Bioengineering) from NUS, Singapore in 2007. So far, he has authored 3 books, edited 3 books and co-authored 12 book chapters. He has also published about 140 technical papers in high impact referred journals and international conference proceedings. He serves as an editor for 5 journals, as member of editorial board for 8 journals, and technical reviewer for about 25 journals. He is a Chartered Engineer and Fellow of Higher Education Academy, UK. Besides, He is a member of several professional scientific bodies including Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society (TERMIS), USA; Institute of Mechanical Engineer (IMechE), UK; Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3), UK; Institute of Materials Malaysia (IMM), Malaysia; and Tissue Engineering Society Malaysia (TESMA), Malaysia. His research interests include the areas of Biomaterials, Biocomposites, Tissue Engineering, Stem Cells, Rapid Prototyping Technology, Nanotechnology, Nanomaterials, Bioenergy& Food Technology.
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
2Automotive Engineering Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia
Cutting fluids are considered essential for a number of reasons such as decreasing friction between the workpiece and the cutting tool, reducing the tool wear thus enhancing the tool life and improving the surface characteristics, lubricating and cooling the interface between sliding surfaces, increasing productivity due to reduced costs through minimizing the heat generated at the mated surfaces and for flushing away the chips, debris and residues. Uncoated cemented carbide tools are tested for performance analysis in terms of flank wear in end milling of aluminium alloy AA6061 with a minimum quantity lubrication condition using TiO2 nanofluid. The results of the machining with water-based TiO2 nanofluid are compared with oil-based minimum quantity lubrication phenomena. Micro-abrasion, micro-attrition and adhesion wear leading to edge chipping are identified as the main wear mechanisms. Aluminium deposits as a result of adhesion and attrition on the tool flank regionare observed. The results show the capabilities of water-based nanofluid as a competent MQL medium, in terms of tool edge integrity and reduced adhesion losses, replacing the conventional oil-based MQL.
Keywords: MQL, nanofluid, wear, abrasion, attrition, adhesion
Biography:
Professor Dr. Md. Mustafizur Rahman is a consultant, a researcher currently working with the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia since April 2007. Dr. Rahman also served as a Deputy Director as well as acting Director in the Automotive Engineering Centre, UMP. He received his Ph.D. degree from the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The research work of Dr. Rahman is focused on advanced machining, optimization, finite-element analysis, modeling of modern materials, nanofluids in machining applications, nanofluids in ICE. He has published more than 290 papers in international scholarly journals and conferences. He is also the member of Editorial Boards of seven scientific journals, including Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering (Scopus Index) and Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences (Scopus Index). He has been the technical reviewer for over 25 scientific journals as well as the member of the technical board for conferences. He is fellow of Association of Computer, Electronics and Electrical Engineers (ACEEE) and Indian Society of Mechanical Engineers (ISME), senior members of American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology (IACSIT), founder member of Malaysian Society for Engineering and Technology (mSET) and also members of several professional societies such as Institute of Engineer, Bangladesh (IEB); Bangladesh Society of Mechanical Engineers (BSME); International Association for Computation Mechanics (IACM); Malaysian Association of Computational Mechanics (MACM); International Association of Engineers (IAENG). He has been supervising nine PhD and 16 M.Sc. Eng. Candidates (by research) and more than 55 undergraduate dissertations.
1Computational Nanoelectronic Research Group (CoNE) Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
2Willowglen MSC Berhad, Malaysia
Graphene nanoscrolls (GNSs) as a new category of quasi one dimensional belong to the carbon-basednanomaterials, which have recently captivated the attention of researchers. The latest discoveriesof exceptional structural and electronic properties of GNSs like, high mobility, controllable bandgap and tunable core size has become a new stimuli for nanotechnology researchers. Fundamentaldescriptions about structure and electronic properties of GNSs have been investigated in order toapply them in nanoelectronic applications like nanotransistors and nanosensors as a new semiconductingmaterial. By utilizing a novel approach, the analytical conductance model (G) of GNSswith the effect of Hall quantum is derived. This letter introduces a geometry-dependent modelto analyze the conductance of GNSs. The conductance modeling of GNS in parabolic part of theband structure which displays minimum conductance near the charge neutrality point is calculated. Subsequently, the effect of temperature and physical parameters on GNS conductivity is studied. This study emphasized that the GNS is a promising candidate for new generation of nanoelectronicdevices.
Philipps University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Germany
In the nano-scale level of gold particles, the conduction electrons are triggered to collectively oscillate with a resonant frequency when certain wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation interact with its surface. This phenomenon is known as surface plasmon resonance (SPR). SPR is responsible for giving the gold nanoparticles its intense red colour that depends mainly on its size, shape and distance between nanoparticles. Decreasing distance between gold nanoparticles results in accumulation of them causing a change in colour from red to blue. This accumulation enables gold nanoparticles to be serving as valuable tool in colorimetricbio sensing methods. In the proposed work, gold nanoparticles were modified with two proteins, Borrelia antigen, variable lipoprotein surface-exposed protein (VlsE), and protein A. VlsE antigen induce a strong antibody response against Borrelia infection and can be detected from early to late phase during the disease. In addition it shows low cross-reaction with the other non-pathogenic Borrelia strains. The high specificity of VlsE antigen to anti-Borrelia antibodies simultaneously with the high specificity of protein A to the Fc region of all IgG human antibodies were utilized to develop a rapid test for serological diagnosis of Borreliosis that is characterized by its simplicity and its potential of point-of-care testing. The specific interaction of the two proteins immobilized on gold nanoparticles with the anti-Borrelia antibodies results in decreasing the interparticledistance causing accumulation of the gold nanoparticlesleading to a change in colour from red to blue in case of positive sample; in contrast the negative sample would remain red and no colour change would take place. Experiments showed the possibility to clearly distinguish between positive and negative sera samples using only the two-protein modified gold nanoparticles in a very short time, 30 minutes (Figure 1). The proposed work showed the potential of using such modified gold nanoparticles generally for the serological diagnosis.
Biography:
Mohammed Alasel is a PhD student at Philipps University, Marburg. Mohammed is working in the group of Professor. Michael Keusgen, institute of pharmaceutical chemistry. Since 2012, Mohammed Alasel is involved in developing new platforms for rapid serological diagnosis; He is expecting to finish his PhD work by end of May 2016. He has finished his master degree in chemistry at University of Lund, Sweden. He obtained his bachelorwith chemistry major from Mansura University, Egypt. Mohammed is interested in and experienced in bio analytical chemistry.
Department of Environment Science, Independent University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
Recently the green synthesis of nano particles involving plant extract has attracted the attention of researchers.
In the present research, Iron (Fe) nano particles have been synthesized from the aqueous extract of the shell of “Green Coconut” (a very common fruit in Asian subcontinent) at room temperature. Synthesized nano particles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometer. The change in color and pH was also observed significantly.
Novelty of this present study is that a waste shell of green coconut carries a good amount of Iron (Fe) nano particles (about 1.100 g per 10 ml of the mixture of the extract of the shell of green coconut, FeCl3 and NaBH4), which can be synthesized using membrane filtration procedure and without using heat. Therefore, the procedure is very cost effective and eco friendly.
Thus, the procedure can be an economic and effective alternative for the large-scale synthesis of iron nano particles.
Biography:
I am Moonazzah Sayeda Naz from Bangladesh and just completed my under graduation program in “Environmental Science and Management” from Independent University Bangladesh (http://www.iub.edu.bd/). Now I am on the way to complete my post graduation in “Environmental Management” from the same institution.
Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Polyaniline (PANI) and mesoporous activated carbon are used to fabricate a supercapacitor electrode material with enhanced electrochemical performance. The chemical and structural properties of the electrode are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy with confirmation of a semi-crystalline nature. The homogeneous growth of PANI on the meso porous carbon is visualized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and shows the morphology. The maximum specific capacitance of the nanocomposite electrode is found to be ∼980 F g−1 in 1 M H2SO4 within the potential window of −150 to 800 mV vs. Ag/AgCl at 10 mV s−1 scan rate (∼1002 F g−1 at 1 mA cm−2 discharge current density). The high surface area offered by the conducting, N-doped mesoporous carbon stimulates effective utilization of the deposited PANI and improves electrochemical charge transport and storage. The super capacitor derived nanoporous materials exhibit excellent electrochemical performance with high specific energy and specific power, and excellent cycling stability.
Keywords: Polyaniline, supercapacitor, XRD, nanoporous carbon
1Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
2Maryland Nanocenter, University of Maryland, USA
The relationship between structure and function is fundamental to nanotechnologies of all dimensionalities, including surfaces, films, and slits with nanoscale vertical dimensions and microscale lateral dimensions. In this presentation, I will describe our use of a focused ion beam to mill such nanostructures into bulk silicon and thin films of silicon dioxideand silicon nitride. This nanofabrication process can resolve vertical features across the nanoscale and into the atomic scale, with lateral features extending across the microscale and into the macroscale. These results establish new limits of dimensional control in these important hard materials. Moreover, this nanofabrication process is highly efficient, enabling rapid prototyping of complex surfaces for practical applications. To demonstrate the utility of such nanostructures, we introduce optical films and fluidic slits with subnanometer surface topography. Optical films, milled in silicon dioxide and silicon nitride, show structural colors as an engineered function. Nanofluidic slits, milled in silicon dioxide and sealed with a soft layer of polysilsesquioxane, separate nanoparticles by size exclusion with subnanometer resolution. In this size separation process, an array of nanofluidic slits simultaneously functionsas a reference material, allowing characterization of nanoparticles by particle tracking and depth mapping. Analysis of nanoparticle intensity confirms the expected volumetric scaling of dye loading, providing an orthogonal validation of the size separation and characterization mechanism. These applicationsemphasize subnanometer control over vertical dimensions and demonstrate the potential utility of complex surfaces, films, and slits with subnanometer topography.
Biography:
Samuel M. Stavis is a Project Leader in the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). He received a B.S.E. in Engineering Physics from the University of Michigan and a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Cornell University, where he was also a Postdoctoral Research Associate in Biological and Environmental Engineering. In 2007, Sam joined the NIST staff through a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship award. In the NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory, he engineered complex nanofluidic devices, advanced single molecule measurement science, and developed microfluidic nanomanufacturing processes. In 2012, Sam joined the CNST, where he leads projects combining nanoscale particles, device technologies, and optical measurements for applications in manufacturing and healthcare. Sam has received two Innovations in Measurement Science awards for the most creative ideas to advance the measurement capabilities of NIST.
University of Bologna, Italy
Environmental safety assessment of nanomaterials is very important research area because nowadays nanotechnology is an emerging field and nanomaterials are widely used in many applications, so knowing the interactions of nanomaterials with the environment and organisms is an important research area. Currently there are concerns about the environmental and health effects of nanomaterials, it is important to understand how they reach to the environment, what happens to them, how they may interact with organisms and potentially be taken up through the food chain.
Nanotechnology is of substantial interest by scientists and developed enthusiastically in the fields of nanocomposites, biocomposites, optical, biomedical, electronic manufacturing and polymer based composite materials in the aircraft and wind industries. Nanotechnology also used to increases the strengths of many materials and devices and to enhance the efficiencies of monitoring devices, remediation of environmental pollution, and renewable energy production. Though these are considered to be the positive effect of nanotechnology, there are certain negative impacts of nanomaterials on the environment and health in many ways, such as increased Ecotoxicological impact on the environment due to the uncertain shape, size, and chemical compositions of some of the nanomaterials. In this literature review the potential environmental and health risk of nanomaterials are extensively analyzed and its Ecotoxicological impacts and the potential for bioaccumulation in microorganisms, its accumulation in plantsis extensively assessed.
1Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
2RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Japan,
3Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland
4Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism (LQM), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
5Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan
Magnetic skyrmions are nanometric particle-like objects in magnets whose stability is topologically protected due to their vortex-like spin structures, and therefore have recently attracted increasing attention from the viewpoints of possible technological applications for spintronics, as well as their interesting emergent electro-magnetic responses. Indeed, those in metallic systems had been shown to be controllable by low electrical current excitation, both experimentally and theoretically, and thus proved to be very promising for the application to ultra-low power consumption high-density memory that can use one skyrmion as one information unit. For that purpose, skyrmions in the magnets with crystal chirality as meditated by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction are preferable due to their smallness in size (typically <~150 nm) and unique helicity (spin-swirling direction in the vortex). However, skyrmions in chiral magnets have so far been observed only below room temperature and limited to a single class of materials, namely, B20-type (MnSi-type) alloys. Toward technological applications, it has been crucial to overcome these limitations.
In this presentation, we demonstrate the formation of skyrmions with unique spin helicity at and above room temperature in a new class of cubic chiral magnets, namely β-Mn-type Co-Zn-Mn alloys with a different chiral space group from that of B20 compounds. Combined investigations in terms of Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, magnetization, and small angle neutron scattering measurements unambiguously reveal the formation of the skyrmion crystal under the application of magnetic field in both thin-plate (thickness<~150 nm) and bulk forms. Our findings demonstrate the possibility that new skyrmion-hosting systems can be found in a variety of non-centrosymmetric crystal symmetries, which will stimulate further experimental exploration of other realization. Likewise, our discovery of stable skyrmion beyond room temperature overcomes a key difficulty in integrating the skyrmions into technological spintronics devices and applications.
Biography:
Yusuke Tokunaga was born in Tokyo, Japan in 1977. He earned his bachelorʼs degree in 2000, Masterʼs degree in 2002, and PhD in 2005 from Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo. After spending two years as a researcher at Spin Superstructure Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and four years at Multiferroics Project, ERATO-JST, he moved to Advance Science Institute (ASI), RIKEN as an ASI Research Scientist in 2011, and then toRIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science as a Senior Research scientist in 2013. He is currentlyassociate professor of Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo. His current area of interest is in cross-correlated phenomena in stronglycorrelated electron systems, multiferroic materials, and magnetic skyrmions.
1Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, China
2CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, China
3Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, China
4School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, China
Drug resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is the main obstacle for efficient treatment of EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients, which requires novel strategies to overcome. We here design a novel nano-medicine which can specificly target EGFR-mutant cells, by using cetuximab (CET)-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles as drug carriers. We find that this novel nano-medicine embedded with doxorubicin (DOX) has the capability to efficiently inhibit EGFR-mutant tumor cell growth while sparing normal human lung epithelial cells. In order to alleviate the drug resistance to EGFR-TKI, PC9-derived resistant cells (PC9-DR) were treated with the gefitinib (GEF)-loaded CET-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles and the sensitivity of PC9-DR to GEF is significantly restored. More importantly, the mesoporous silica nano-medicine can successfully suppress the progression of PC9-DR xenograft tumors in nude mice. This suppression is mediated through the increased specificity which can recruit larger amount of nano-medicine as well as the higher level of glutathione (GSH) generated by PC9-DR which can induce effective drug release. Collectively, our study provide a novel approach to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance by using CET modified mesoporous SiO2 nanoparticles (MP-SiO2 NPs) with the great potential of effective drug delivery into EGFR-overexpressing or EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.
Biography:
Zhanxia Zhang was born in 1982 in China. She received her Master Degree in Food Science from Jilin University in 2007. And she received her PhD Degree in Analytical Chemistry from Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Jan. 2011, her research focus on using nanoparticles to construct optical and electrochemical biosensor. From Apr. 2011 to Apr. 2014, she collaborated with Prof. Itamar Willner as a Post-Doctoral student at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel, her research interest shifted from biosensor to the field of controlled release of mesoporous silica nano-medicine. From Apr. 2014 until now, she collaborated with Prof. Hongbin Ji as an associate professor at the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in China, her research interests are mainly in the field of anti-cancer nano-medicine.
1Department of Nanoenergy Engineering and BK21 plus Nanoconvergence Technology Division, Pusan National University (PNU), Republic of Korea
2The Institute of Basic Science, Korea University, Republic of Korea
We describe a highly durable Ti-mesh based triboelectric nanogenerator (Ti-TENG) with a sandwich structure that harvests electrical energy from contact electrification. The electrical output from the fabricated Ti-TENG by compressing and releasing strain was measured under different applied loads and frequencies. The Ti-TENG generated a peak voltage and current up to ~1.1 V and ~14 nA at an applied force of 30 N and frequency of 1.1 Hz. The obtained potentials were used to charge a capacitor and power a commercially available light emitting diode (LED). In particular, the Ti-TENG, which exhibited high electrical stability, can be used in applications requiring high levels of robustness and durability. For example, the Ti-TENG was applied as step counter while walking and running, demonstrating its capability to self-power devices. We believe that the device provides a highly promising, robust and durable platform for self-powered applications that effectively harnesses energy from mechanical movements.
Biography:
Ermias Libnedengel Tsege was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 1985. He received his BS degree (2005) from Jimma University and MS degree (2007) from Addis Ababa University (Ethiopia). He also got additional joint masters degree from Ecole normale supere de Lyon and La Sapieza university di roma. Since then he has been a PhD student under the supervision of Prof. Yoon-Hwae Hwang in Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. His current research interests focus on nano-materials synthesis, optical spectroscopy and energy harvesting nano-materials.
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