Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar
Introduction: Although celiac disease, CD, is considered as one of the most common causes of chronic malabsorption disease, hepatobiliary and pancreatic are less common associated with it. Moreover, the diagnosis of pancreatitis in association with CD could be challenging and required high index of suspicion as most of the patient are asymptomatic or have atypical feature for CD and the diagnosis could be made incidentally during endoscopic evaluation for other indications.
Case Report: In December 2016, an otherwise healthy 40 years old Indian male, presented with short history of severe persistent upper abdominal pain. He was a social alcohol user. On examination, apart from mild epigastric tenderness on deep palpation the rest of examination was unremarkable. The patientʼs laboratory data revealed iron deficiency anaemia and mildly elevated bilirubin. The other laboratory investigations unremarkable. The abdominal ultrasound showed dilated main pancreatic duct and common bile. Subsequently, MRI and EUS done confirmed US result, but while performing the EUS, the duodenal mucosa appeared scalloped and biopsies taken and coeliac serology sent. During follow up in the Gastroenterology out-patient clinic. Duodenal biopsies and coeliac serology were highly suggestive of CD. A diagnosis of CD complicated by chronic pancreatitis was established and the patient advised a gluten free diet and to be followed up by gastroenterology team.
Four months later patient admitted for management of chronic cholecystitis and he underwent cholecystectomy for that.
In Summary: Our report highlight the important to consider a coeliac disease as an etiological work up of the patients presented with un explained pancreatic/biliary disease and endoscopic assessment may be warranty to provide a clue to its diagnosis
Biography:
Dr. Nasrein Elkomy is a clinical fellow in gastroenterology Dept, Hamad Medical Corporation HMC, Qatar. She had Certificates: MBBS, Msc Uk, MRCP Ireland and UK, ABIM. She is from the Nationality: Irish.
University of Mascara, Algeria
Our work aims at studying medicinal and aromatic plants very well by the local population. It is called Malva sylvestris. The phytochemical tests, which had been done while studying these plants permitted to us to detect different families of the chemical compounds existing in both of these plantʼs leaves and the evaluation in vitro antioxidant activity of phenolic extracts by using the 2,2- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Malvasylvestris is an edible plant that is consumed as a herbal supplement for its antiulcer and colon cleansing properties in traditional Persian medicine, thus appear to be rich plant secondary metabolites. These beneficial effects provide evidences that this plant can be suggested for patients with this disease to improve their health condition or to reduce adverse effects of their medication.
Keywords: Malva sylvestris, antioxidant, phenolic extract, phytochemical tests.
A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health, Russia
Introduction: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) - rare pancreatic tumor which arises from exocrine type cells and has a specific progesterone receptors. It was described by American pathologist Virginia Kneeland Franz in 1959. There are only 3725 cases described in the world literature.
Aim: To improve results of treatment patients with SPNs of the pancreas.
Material and Methods: Retrospective study of treatment results 37 patients with pancreatic SPNs was performed. All of them were operated in №1 abdominal department A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of surgery, Moscow, Russia for period 2007 – 2017. Females were 34 (92%), there were only three males. Average age was 34 (25;42) years. In 17 (46%) cases there were pancreatic head tumor, 8 (22%) patients had an SPN in the body and 12 (32%) in the tail of the pancreas. Mean tumor diameter composed 42 (26;73) mm.
Data presented as median (Me) with interquartile range (IQR) 25% and 75%.
Results: Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 14 (38%) cases, distal pancreatectomy in 16 (43%), in 7(20%) cases organ – preserving surgeries were performed. There were 10 (27%) postoperative pancreatic fistulas, type A (ISGPS) – 3, type B – 7 cases. Postpancreatecomy hemorrhage type C were occurred in three cases, all of them were stopped by endovascular procedure. Mortality rate is 1 (2.7%) in case of female with severe postoperative pancreatitis with respiratory distress – syndrome.
Conclusion: Surgical procedure is a primary in treatment of SPN of the pancreas, even in metastatic cases. SPNs can be operated using minimal invasive technologies and with organ – preservation. Immunohystochemical specimen examination is a main in final diagnosis of these tumors. Researchers in all over the world have to work together to improve results of treatment of SPNs.
A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Ministry of Health, Russia
Background: Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) is tumor with the different malignant potential which can be finally diagnosed on morphological specimen examination. There is no universal treatment position for small benign pancreatic NETs (pNETs). Organ preserving procedures (OP) such as tumor enucleation and middle pancreatectomy can become an option in difficult cases and give a maximal benefit with minimizing of postoperative complications.
Aim: To improve results of treatment patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Material and Methods: There were 137 patients with pancreatic NETs surgically treated for the period of 2007 – 2017 years in abdominal department №1 of A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Moscow, Russia. Most of them were female – 96 cases.
Results: Most of the patients both in organ preserving (OP) and standard procedures (SP) groups were females with comparable median age 48 (38;54) and 51 (41;62). Morphological specimen examination revealed that in the mean tumors diameter was significantly less in OP - 19 vs. 25 mm SP group, the similar difference in groups were in Ki67 Index and mitotic rate. There was significantly less estimated blood loss volume in OP group. Postoperative LOS and drainage placement time were although less in OP group but without significant difference.
Conclusion: The organ preserving procedures can become an option to treatment of small benign pNETs. It has better preoperative results with minimal parenchyma removal. Unfortunately there are no enough investigations in survival after OP comparing with standard procedures and wait-and-see position.
1Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
2Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Loss in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) has long been linked to colon cancer, however, what is the specific role of MMR in the regulation of the colonic homeostasis remains unclear. It has been shown that inactivation of MMR leads to WNT-driven abnormal proliferation that highly predisposes the colon epithelial cells to transformation. While, the causative mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unknown, it suggests that MMR system may play an important role in the regulation of the equilibrium between proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. To investigate the impact of the MMR pathway on the colonic homeostasis we used mice that harbor genetic mutation of one of the major MMR genes, namely Msh2 and completely abolishes the MMR function. Furthermore, using gene expression analysis, western blot, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy techniques we show that MMR deficiency does not lead to aberrant WNT activation but rather to inability to be negatively regulated due to loss of expression of the WNT inhibitor Dickkopf1 (DKK1). As a result, excessive levels of activated β-catenin promote strong crypt progenitor-like phenotype and suppress cell differentiation. Under these conditions, the normal development and function of the goblet cells is highly affected. We observed significant reduction in the number of goblet cells, that however, produce and secret substantially more mucin 2 (Muc2). We also show that under MMR deficient background the colon epithelial cells respond to the increased proliferation rate by boosting their apoptosis, mediated by enhanced Bone Morphogenetic protein signaling.
Biography:
Antoaneta Belcheva obtained her PhD in Molecular Biology from York University in Toronto, Canada in 2009. From 2009-2015 she completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Toronto where she become a recipient of the BD Bioscience postdoctoral lecture prize for her research achievements in the area of gut microbiota and colon cancer. Antoaneta Belcheva is currently an Assistant Professor at the University of Southern Denmark. The major focus of her research is to better understand the complex interplay between cancer predisposing mutations, diet and the gut microbiota in the initiation and development of colorectal cancer.
Dr. D. Y. Patil University, India
Transabdominal Sonography of the Small & Large Intestines can reveal following diseases. Bacterial & Viral Entero- Colitis. An Ulcer, whether it is superficial, deep with risk of impending perforation, Perforated, Sealed perforation, Chronic Ulcer & Post-Healing fibrosis & stricture, Polyps & Diverticulum, Benign intra-mural tumours, Intra-mural haematoma, Intestinal Ascariasis, Foreign Body, Necrotizing Entero-Colitis, Tuberculosis, Intussusception. Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Cronhs Disease. Complications of an Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Perforation, Stricture. Neoplastic lesion is usually a segment involvement & shows irregularly thickened, hypoechoic & aperistaltic wall with loss of normal layering pattern. It is usually a solitary stricture & has eccentric irregular luminal narrowing. It shows loss of normal Gut Signature. Enlargement of the involved segment seen. Shouldering effect at the ends of stricture is most common feature. Primary arising from wall itself & secondary are invasion from adjacent malignancy or distant metastasis. All these cases are compared & proved with gold standards like surgery & endoscopy.
Some extra efforts taken during all routine or emergent ultrasonography examinations can be an effective non-invasive method to diagnose primarily hitherto unsuspected benign & malignant Gastro-Intestinal Tract lesions, so should be the investigation of choice.
Biography:
Dr.Vikas Leelavati Bala Saheb Jadhav has completed his Post Graduation in Radiology in 1994. He has a 23 Years of experience in the field of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonography. He is the Pioneer of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Sonography, especially Gastro-Duodenal Sonography. He has delivered many Guest Lectures in India as well International Conferences in nearly 27 countries as an Invited Guest Faculty, since March 2000. He is a Consultant Radiologist & the Specialist in Conventional as well Unconventional Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonologist in Pune, India.
Dr. D. Y. Patil University, India
Transabdominal Sonography of the Stomach & Duodenum can reveal following diseases. Gastritis, Duodeniti & Acid Gastritis. An Ulcer, whether it is superficial, deep with risk of impending perforation, Perforated, Sealed perforation, Chronic Ulcer & Post-Healing fibrosis & stricture. Polyps & Diverticulum, Benign intra-mural tumours, Intra-mural haematoma, Duodenal outlet obstruction due to Annular Pancreas. Gastro-Duodenal Ascariasis, Pancreatic or Biliary Stents, Foreign Body, Necrotizing Gastro-Duodenitis, Tuberculosis, Lesions of Ampulla of Vater like prolapsed, benign & infiltrating mass lesions. Neoplastic lesion is usually a segment involvement & shows irregularly thickened, hypoechoic & aperistaltic wall with loss of normal layering pattern. It is usually a solitary stricture & has eccentric irregular luminal narrowing. It shows loss of normal Gut Signature. Enlargement of the involved segment seen. Shouldering effect at the ends of stricture is most common feature. Enlarged lymphnodes around may be seen. Primary arising from wall itself & secondary are invasion from peri-Ampullary malignancy or distant metastasis. All these cases are compared & proved with gold standards like surgery & endoscopy.
Some extra efforts taken during all routine or emergent ultrasonography examinations can be an effective non-invasive method to diagnose primarily hitherto unsuspected benign & malignant Gastro-Intestinal Tract lesions, so should be the investigation of choice.
Biography:
Dr. Vikas Leelavati Bala Saheb Jadhav has completed his Post Graduation in Radiology in 1994. He has a 23 Years of experience in the field of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonography. He is the Pioneer of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Sonography, especially Gastro-Duodenal Sonography. He has delivered many Guest Lectures in India as well International Conferences in nearly 27 countries as an Invited Guest Faculty, since March 2000. He is a Consultant Radiologist & the Specialist in Conventional as well Unconventional Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonologist in Pune, India.
1Neurosciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
2Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Backgrounds: We carried out a 6-month preliminary research on the effectiveness of a rose hip powder and its mechanism on ALT and AST.
Methods: This trial comprised 8 male and 12 female patients (average of age 40.3 ± 12.3years) suffering from non alcoholic fatty liver disease. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease cases that were diagnosed with fatty liver through abdominal ultrasonography were included in this study. Patients who had a history of drinking more than 20 g of alcohol per day or who had a past medical history were excluded from the analysis. After evaluation of the baseline values, patients were offered up to 5 g of a rose hip powder per day. No patients were excluded after randomization.
Results: In comparison with the control group, 6 months of daily consumption of the rose hip powder had a significant reduction effect on ALT (11.1±10.98 µmol/L; P=0.01), AST (9.4±10.47 µmol/L; P=0.02).
Conclusions: In this pilot RCT we demonstrated that daily consumption of 5 g of rose hip powder for 6 months can significantly reduce liver enzymes in people with non alcoholic fatty liver disease. A larger RCT is justified to assess efficacy.
Keywords: Fatty Liver, Nutrition, Pilot, Rose Hip
Biography:
Hadis Sabour, Currently working as Assistant Professor in Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center (BASIR), Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (2016- to date), worked as Researcher, Diet Consultant, Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center (BASIR), Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (2006- to 2015) and Researcher, Endocrine & Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (2005-2007). Ph.D. (2011) in Nutritional Sciences from Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran and MD in 2000 from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Alexandria University, Egypt
It is well known that there is a strong relationship between thyroid hormones and the functions of other endocrine glands. Recently, an increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes and hyperlipemia, have reestablished the focus on thyroid hormone, since they have the ability to improve energy metabolism in the body and their effects on pancreatic function have been very recently reviewed. Many types of research done on the relationships between thyroid and pancreas focused on the regulation of the pancreatic secretory function of insulin or on the insulin function through the improvement of energy metabolism induced by thyroid hormones. Although little information has been known about the effects of thyroid hormones and their underlying mechanisms on pancreatic function, epidemiological investigations and animal studies found a great link between autoimmune diseases, thyroid dysfunction and pancreatic pathology. On the other hand, one of the main functions of the pancreas is the insulin secretion, which is altered in diabetes, so it could be expected that diabetes might be related to thyroid dysfunction. Furthermore, recent studies have shown the important roles of thyroid hormones in pancreas development and on islet pathology, both in diabetes and in pancreatic cancer. This presentation will expose the link between the physiology of both thyroid and pancreas and the effects of thyroid hormones on pancreas development. It will display the thyroid hormone receptors and transporters in the pancreas. The presentation will also discuss the possible molecular mechanisms between thyroid and pancreas pathologies and will clarify the relationship between autoimmune thyroid dysfunction and autoimmune pancreas lesions. Also, it will summarize the roles of the thyroid hormones in the pathogenesis of diabetes and their effects on pancreas pathology in cancer pancreas. The effect of treatment of thyroid diseases on the improvement of pancreatic dysfunction in diabetes will be discussed also.
Biography:
Prof. Hesham Fouad, MD is a Consultant Physician Endocrinology & Diabetes with 37 years working experience in Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, of them, 31 years post-MS and 20 years post MD. He is also a member of both “Egypt society for friends of diabetic patients” and “Egypt society of obesity surgeons” (founder Member). He was graduated in 1979 from Alexandria University Medical School in Egypt with a bachelorʼs degree in Medicine and Surgery, after he finished a one-year period as an intern. His residency was for 4 years at Ras El Tin General Hospital, Alexandria. He received my Masterʼs degree in Internal Medicine and Endocrinology from Alexandria University, November 1985. Thesis Title: “Effect of calcium channel blockers on metabolic and hemodynamic changes of hyperthyroidism (Degree of Thesis Grade: 100%). He have finished my high medical training by working at Alexandria University Hospitals for 5 years and for a year in Endocrinology consultant clinic at Gamal Abdul Nasser Insurance Hospital being trained by Prof. Dr/ Gamal El-Din Hanno, MD, FRCP, professor and head of Endocrinology Department, Alexandria University, and one of international Endocrinologists at that time. He received the Medical Doctor Degree in Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Alexandria University, August 1996. Thesis Title: “Studies on the role of hormonal and chemical changes in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy”. My Major: “Endocrinology and Diabetes”.
Alexandria University, Egypt
The human microbiome is the collection of bacteria, fungi and viruses that live in and on the human body. The intestinal microbiome is a diverse collection of over 1000 bacterial species that are increasingly recognized as playing critical roles in host functioning in health and disease. Diet has been shown to influence the composition of the intestinal microbiome and associations between the microbial composition and both body mass and type 2 diabetes have been reported. The intestinal microbiome can influence intestinal permeability and thereby play a regulatory role in the development of what is referred to as “metabolic endotoxemia”. Metabolic endotoxemia has the potential to activate innate immune pathways that interface with insulin signaling pathways and can affect glycemic control. Microbial metabolites can act locally at the intestinal mucosa to regulate enteroendocrine cell function, incretin signaling and subsequently glycemic control. The intestinal microbiome can modulate the composition of the bile acid pool and downstream intracellular signaling pathways, including farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G protein-coupled receptor (TGR5), to influence glycemic control. The intestinal microbiota may also contribute to the risk for type 1 diabetes; as the inappropriate immune education by the microbiota may potentiate autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells in genetically susceptible individuals. This presentation will give an overview of microbiome and it will expose the association of the intestinal microbiome to body mass. It will also discuss the effects of alteration of the composition of intestinal microbiome in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the influence of intestinal microbiome on intestinal permeability. The presentation will also explain the metabolic endotoxemia and its relation to obesity, diet and the implication of metabolic endotoxemia in the risk of T2DM. It will also display the effect of modulation of the intestinal microbiome on insulin sensitivity and it will clarify the contribution of the microbiome to T2DM risk via the innate immune pathways, modulation of enteroendocrine cell function and via modulation of the bile acids. The potential role of the intestinal microbiota in type 1 diabetes patients will be also discussed and the future perspectives will be summarized.
Biography:
Prof. Hesham Fouad has completed his bachelorʼs degree in Medicine and Surgery, postmasters and postdoctoral studies from Alexandria Medical School. Heʼs a Consultant and was a head of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity Department at many top leading Teaching Hospitals and Institutes in Egypt and in the Middle East. He has published loads of scientific researches in reputed medical journals and heʼs a founder member of many societies. He established a lot of Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity units and institutes in Egypt and in the Middle East, the most influential one is the Endocrinology and Diabetes Institute in Cairo. He attended as a speaker in plenty of conferences in different Middle Eastern and European countries.
1Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Israel
2Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Meir Medical Center, Israel
3Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
Cannabis sativa is widely used for medical purposes. However, despite the hundreds of compounds in this plant and their potential synergistic interactions in mixtures, to date, only aroma, popular strain name or the content of two phytocannabinoids—THC and CBD, are mostly considered for therapeutic activity. Preliminary studies and case reports indicate that cannabis may be beneficial in inflammatory bowel disease. Many experimental laboratory models indicate that cannabis may also be beneficial for the treatment of adenomatous polyps and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, new specific and effective cannabis-based drugs must be developed to achieve adequate medical standards for the use of cannabis. The quality and therapeutic activity of herbal cannabis products to pharma grade should be improved for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and their efficacy should be examined against adenomatous polyps and colorectal cancer (CRC). For that purpose we have identified cannabis extracts and fractions active against inflammation or cytotoxic for colon cells and tissue. Their comprehensive molecular profiles were determined and mixtures of compounds were tested in vitro and ex vivo for synergisticactivitycompared to individually isolated cannabis components. Also, the biological pathways in colon cells targeted by these new formulations were partially characterized. These studies form a base for precise formulations of active compounds towards the development of new cannabis-based gastrointestinal, pharmaceutical drugs.
Biography:
Prof. Hinanit Koltai, PhD is a Senior Research Scientist at the Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Israel. She is the Editor of books and a member of Editorial boards in international scientific journals. She is a leading Author of more than 80 peer reviewed publications and more than 30 book chapters and invited reviews. Her lab expertise is with the biological and chemical analysis of cannabis for medical use. The research in the lab is focused on deciphering the “entourage effect” between cannabis compounds while specifying their influence at the molecular level on human cells and tissues.
1Liver and Pancreatobiliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, University of Medical Sciences, Iran
2Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
3Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
4Department of Radiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
5Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Department of Pathology, Iran
Background and Aim: The prevalence of hepatitis B patients with concurrent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing in many countries, including Iran. Since presence of both hepatitis B and NAFLD may have additive effect on liver disease progression, present study aims to compare disease progression in different settings of NAFLD and hepatitis B in a large population of Iranian adults.
Methods: Baseline data of two nested studies within Golestan Cohort Study were analyzed. Study population consisted of individuals aged 50-75 years old residing in Golestan province. Liver fibrosis and steatosis status of participants were assessed using transient elastography and abdominal ultrasound, respectively. Participants were categorized into four groups of “control”, “only NAFLD”, “only hepatitis B” and “both”. The degree of liver fibrosis and its association with type of liver impairment were investigated. Results: Current study consisted of 2,089 individuals (53% male) with mean age of 58.9 years. Median Liver Stiffness Measurement score was 4.7 kPa. “NAFLD”, “hepatitis B” and “both” were all associated with significant fibrosis, while superimposition of NAFLD did not predispose HBV patients to higher risk of advanced fibrosis (OR=1.2, P-value=0.5). Presence of NAFLD or high viral load were not associated with increased value of Liver Stiffness Measurement in HBVs, while being significantly associated with higher levels of ALT (p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: Our study showed that while addition of HBV to NAFLD could be associated with higher risk of liver fibrosis progression, HBV patients with NAFLD-superimposition are not at higher risks of advanced fibrosis.
Biography:
Dr. Hossein Poustchi obtained his medical degree at Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Tehran, Iran), in 1995. He later completed his PhD in Epidmiology from University of Sidney in 2007, where he also obtained his specialization in Hepatology. Dr. Poustchi is highly active in research. His research interests include Hepatitis B, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and Hepatocellular carcinoma. Dr. Poustchi is one of the most active principal investigators of the Golestan Cohort Study, where he oversees the Golestan Hepatitis B Cohort Study.
1Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Cairo University, Egypt
2Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Egypt
3Department of Polymers and Pigments, National Research Center, Egypt
4School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Egypt
5Academy of scientific research and technology, Egypt
This work aimed to improve the therapeutic outcome of the only available drug worldwide to treat Schistosomiasis, Praziquantel “PZQ”, by incorporating it into a novel carrier “Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN)” to enhance its solubility, bioavailability and hence efficacy. A simple and cost-effective method was used to prepare SLN-PZQ. In comparison to market PZQ (M-PZQ), SLN-PZQ was more bioavailable as denoted by higher serum concentration in both normal and infected mice where elevated Ka, AUC0 – 24, Cmax and t1/2e with a decrease in kel were demonstrated. The AUC0 – 24 for SLN-PZQ in normal and S. Mansoni infected groups were almost nine-and eight-fold higher than those for M-PZQ in parallel groups. SLN-PZQ was detectable in serum at 24 hr while M-PZQ completely vanished at 8 hr post treatment in both normal and S. Mansoni infected mice. Additionally, enhanced absorption with extended residence time was recorded. Coupled to the enhanced bioavailability and compared to M-PZQ, SLN-PZQ revealed superior antischistosomal activity in all treated groups where higher percentages of worm reduction were recorded with all dosages tested; especially evident at the lower dose levels. The ED50 of SLN-PZQ was 6.8-fold lower than M-PZQ. Also, significantly higher reduction in both the hepatic and intestinal tissue egg loads of all treated groups with almost complete disappearance of immature deposited eggs were recorded (clearly evident at the low dose levels). In conclusion, SLN-PZQ demonstrated an enhanced PZQ bioavailability and antischistosomal efficacy with a safe profile despite the longer period of residence in the systemic circulation.
Keywords: Schistosomamansoni, Praziquantel, Solid-Lipid Nanoparticles, Bioavailability, Efficacy, Mice.
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