Madridge Journal of Food Technology

ISSN: 2577-4182

3rd International Food Science, Probiotics, Nutrition & Microbiome Conference

November 28-29, 2019, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Poster Session Abstracts
DOI: 10.18689/2577-4182.a3.003

Encapsulation of Emblicanin Rich Emblica officinalis Extract by Double Emulsion and its Antioxidant Stability

Neha Chaudhary1*, Latha Sabikhi2 and Shaik Abdul Hussain3

1Research Scholar, Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, India
2Principle Scientist & Head, Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, India
3Scientist, Dairy Technology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, India

Objective:

• To prepare Emblicanin rich Emblica Officinalis encapsulated double emulsion (EEODE)
• To protect the herbal component in inner phase
• To improve the encapsulation efficiency

Method and Results: W1/O/W2 type emulsion was prepared and checked for the effect of emulsifiers (whey protein concentrate, LM-pectin and gum Arabic), salt concentration and Emblicanin rich water soluble extract of Emblica officinalis (EEO) concentration in inner W1 phase and different concentration of PGPR in middle O-phase. Sodium caseinate, WPC-80, LM-pectin, gum Arabic and sodium caseinate and pectin conjugate as well as WPC-80 and pectin conjugate were tested as emulsifiers in the outer W2 phase. Final composition for the EEODE was: 2% NaCl and 50% EEO in the inner W1 phase, 4% PGPR in the middle O-phase and 2% LM-pectin and RO water in the outer W2 phase, using an Ultra-Turrax (W1/O at 20000, W1/O in W2 at 12,000 rpm).

Conclusion: The EEODEs have been characterized with respect to encapsulation efficiency (> 90%), viscosity (715±17.67 cP), sedimentation stability, zeta potential (-32.17±1.17 mV), particle size (D [3, 2]) and D [4, 3]) 44.35 and 72.95 µm respectively) and microscopic structure (light microscopy and CSLM). Storage study data revealed that EEODE was stable up to 1 month. The antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) of EEO were also protected by encapsulation.

Significance and Impact:

• Double emulsion successfully protects the active components of herb form harsh effect of environment.
• Mask bitter taste of herb and EEODE provides better stability of herbal bioactive.
• It can be used as one of the ingredient that have a potential for application in functional foods.

Biography:
Neha Chaudhary is working as Lab Expert in Honey quality control, in Integrated beekeeping development centre, (An Indo –Israel project under Department of Horticulture), Kurukshetra, Haryana Ph. D in Dairy Technology from National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (2017). She has done M.Sc. in Food Technology from Guru Jambeshwar University, Hisar, Haryana (2011); B.Sc. in Microbial and food technology from Panjab University, Chandigarh (2009). She has total 3 years of work experience in food/food product testing. She has good experience in laboratory development and documentation according to ISO 17025:2005 and Quality management system. She is a content writer for Book Chapters in Food Science and Technology in MSc E-Pathshala by UGC, India. She has publications (Research, review, popular articles) in International and National Journals, Possess excellent analytical, interpersonal, relationship building and team building skills and professional ability to work in quality systems/procedures and managing resources.

A Comparative Study of Adequacy of Food Groups & Nutrients Consumption in Elderly PopulationResiding in Community and Old Age Homes in Desert Parts of Western India

Khushboo Vyas* and Madhu B. Singh

Indian Council of Medical Research, Desert Medicine Research Centre, India

Geriatric population is most negligible group whose nutrition and care continues to be neglected area, that too more in old age homes. Present study carried out with aim to compare adequacy of food group and nutrients consumption in elderly population residing in Community (GC) and Old Age Homes (OAH) in Jodhpur, desert district of Rajasthan. Study design: Cross-sectional. 408 elderly from community and old age homes interviewed for their dietary intake following 24 hours dietary recall method (NIN, ICMR). Overall, percent adequacy of consumption of cereals, leafy vegetables, other vegetable, oil and fat, sugar and jaggery was significantly, lower among elderly living in OAH in comparison to community (P<0.01). Overall elderly from OAH suffered significantly higher from Energy & Protein deficiency than elderly living in community (89.7% Vs 69.8%, 79.3% Vs 49.6% respectively). Calcium & iron deficiency was significantly higher in OAH (47.6 & 91.7%) than in elderly living in GC (31.9 & 53.0%) (P<0.01). Magnesium and Zinc deficiency found high among elderly population living in OAH (65.5 & 86.9%) than elderly living in GC (18.1 & 80.2%) respectively (p <0.01). In both the categories, the mean intake of energy, protein, calcium and iron, Vitamin A, B12, C, Folate, Magnesium and Zinc found low w.r.t. RDA, ICMR (2011) except fat intake which is not good for their health. Percentage adequacy of all the nutrient intakes in diet of OAH was significantly lower in comparison to elderly living in Community. This study recommends therapeutic supplementation of Iron, Zinc, Calcium, etc as per the requirement of the elderly and Nutrition intervention in the form of nutrition counseling for dietary modification should be adopted in National Programs of Govt. of India so that geriatric population may lead their better quality of life.

Biography:
Ms. Khushboo Vyas, pursuing Ph.D. in Food and Nutrition at Desert Medicine Research Centre, Jodhpur on elderly population. Awarded Senior Research Fellowship from Indian Council of Medical Research. Research Experience: 3 years and 4 month. Done Diploma and Certificate course in Food and Nutrition. Published 02 research papers in International/National Journals. Attended 04 National Conference and made Presentations and Awarded 1st prize in “A study of chronic energy malnutrition among geriatric population residing in old age homes” and 2nd prize in “Mini Nutritional Assessment and its Association with SocioDemo graphic parameters among the elderly population”.

Effect of a Phytogenic on Diarrhea and Growth Performance in Weaning Piglets

Wen-Yuh Lin1*, Chuan-Ju Lin1, Yi-Shin Wu1, Yun-Hsiang Chen1, Tien-Fen Kuo1, Cicero Lee-Tian Chang2, Wen-Chin Yang1 and Yu-Chuan Liang1

1Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
2National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan

Antimicrobial growth promoters (AGP) are widely used as feed additives in the swine industry to decrease porcine diarrhea and enhance growth performance. However, use of AGP is known to induce antibiotic resistance in pathogens and bacteria, which not only renders the treatment ineffective, but also raises public health-related issues. The use of AGP in animals has been banned in the European Union since 2006. Breeders are mandated to comply with the drug withdrawal period and must not use AGP. Phytogenic (PG) feed additives are a possible option to replace AGP. Development of PGs is attractive as they could not only be used during the drug withdrawal period, but are also expected to be natural growth promoters (NGP). In this study, we investigated the use of a PG, which is an edible Asteraceae plant found worldwide that has traditionally been used as a food and also an herbal folk medicine in humans and animals without observable side effects. Weaning piglets were fed a chow diet containing an antibiotic or the PG as feed additives for 28 days. Body weight, food intake, occurrence of diarrhea, body shape score, feces score, gut pathology and gut microbiota were analyzed. Animals treated with an antibiotic, PG or both all showed reduction in diarrhea. However, 80% of piglets in the PG-treated group showed protection, whereas only 60% of the animals in the antibiotic-treated group were protected. In addition, animals treated with PG had a better growth rate and body shape score than the control and antibiotic groups and the fecal IgA and pathogens that cause diarrhea also decreased. In conclusion, PG may reduce diarrhea and enhance growth performance in weaning piglets, which suggests that PG can potentially be used as a feed additive to replace AGP in the swine industry.

Biography:
Dr. Wen-Yuh Lin, was born in 1977, Taiwan. She completed Ph.D. in Animal Science and Master of Animal Science from National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. She is a Post-doctoral Research Associate at Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center in Academic Sinica, Associate Researcher of R&D in Lactozyme Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Product Manager in DR. Chip Biotechnology Incorporation, Taiwan and an Associate Researcher in Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute and Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan.

Effect of Different PH and Aeration Conditions on the Cell Mass Production of Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus casei, WICC-B26 in Batch Culture in Semi-Industrial Scale

J. Eyahmalay1,2,3*, V. Siwapiragam2, D. J Dailin3, R. A. Malek1, S. Ramli1 and H. El Enshasy1,3,4

1Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia
2SBG Agrifeed SDN BHD, Malaysia
3School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UTM, Malaysia
4City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Egypt

Probiotic bacteria are well known for their efficient capabilities to promote and enhance human health. The numerous benefits obtained from probiotic bacteria has garnered global attention and has a huge market. One of the main challenge involved in probiotic commercialization is the bioprocessing limitation to produce high cell mass of the probiotic bacterium. Low cell growth and lactic acid accumulation which leads to cell death are the challenges involved large scale cultivation. In this study, Lactobacillus casei WICC-B26 was cultured in 16 L stirred tank bioreactor with an optimized medium composed of lactose and soybean meal as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The effect of cultivation parameters such as pH, aerobic/anaerobic cultivation conditions were studied in batch cultivation mode. The results show that Lactobacillus casei cultivation under uncontrolled pH and carbon dioxide sparging at 0.2 vvm produced the highest cell mass of 6.36 gL-1 after 42 hours. These results provide important information for the optimal cultivation conditions to grow Lactobacillus casei in batch bioreactors in order to enhance biomass for large scale production of probiotics for different applications.

Biography:
Jennifer Eyahmalay earned her first degree in Bioindustrial Technology from University Malaysia Kelantan. She is now pursuing her Master studies in Bioprocess Engineering Department in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, under the Microbial Bioprocessing group in Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD). Her projects involve the optimization studies to produce high cell mass probiotic Lactobacillus sp. in pilot scale. She is also member in Research and Development in SBG Agrifeed SDN BHD. Her aim and objective is to incorporate probiotic bacteria into animal feed to reduce the need of antibiotic and production of healthy animals.

Effect of Phytogenic Feed Additives on Gut Microbiota and Health in Laying Hen

Wen-Yuh Lin1*, Chuan-Ju Lin1, Tien-Fen Kuo1, Yu-Chuan Liang1, Cicero Lee-Tian Chang2 and Wen-Chin Yang1

1Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
2National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan

Gut microbiota plays an important role on chicken health. In layer industry, antibiotics are wide use to inhibit gut pathogen. However, antibiotic fees additives are known to induce drug residue and resistance in egg and pathogens. Therefore, non-antibiotic feed additives such as phytogenic are an option. In this study, layers at late laying period were fed with phytogenic feed additives for 28 days. Layers mortality, diarrhea occurrence, egg yield and egg weight were recorded. ERIC-PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to analyze gut microbiota. Results showed weekly mortality and diarrhea were decreased and the egg production was increased. For gut microbiota, F/B ratio was increased after phytogenic treatment. Firmicutes were increased 1.48 times and Bacteroidetes decreased 91.6%. The counts of major bacterial groups, Lactobacillus spp. were significantly increased; Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were decreased. Therefore, phytogenic feed additives may improve poultry gut health and increase production.

Biography:
Dr. Wen-Yuh Lin, was born in 1977, Taiwan. She completed Ph.D. in Animal Science and Master of Animal Science from National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. She is a Post-doctoral Research Associate at Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center in Academic Sinica, Associate Researcher of R&D in Lactozyme Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Product Manager in DR. Chip Biotechnology Incorporation, Taiwan and Associate Researcher in Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute and Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan.

Effect of Prebiotics on Growth of Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) in Red Dragon Fruit Juice

Yien Yien Ong* and Eugene Lee

Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) has known to be tropical fruits which offer various health benefits particularly in cardiovascular health. The fruits however have a limited storage period at room temperature of 5 to 7 days and chilling temperature up to 10 days. This study aims to reduce food wastage by converting red dragon fruits into probiotic products and incorporating prebiotic inulin to improve the growth of the probiotic, Lactobacillus casei. Addition of different concentrations of inulin [2%, 4% and 6% (w/v)] into the fruit juice was done after juice extraction and clarification through centrifugation followed by pasteurization of the juice. L. casei inoculum was inoculated into red dragon fruit juice and incubated under microaerophilic condition at 37 °C up to 3 days. The increment of inulin concentrations from 2%, 4% to 6% (w/v) give significant results on viable cell count and other physiochemical tests. The best was observed at Day 2 sample with 6% (w/v) inulin which obtained the most significant increment (11.31±0.01 log10cfu/mL) on cell growth, lower pH value (4.06±0.01), higher total titratable acidity (0.42±0.01), higher decrement of totalsugar content (15.74±0.02 g/100 mL), increment on total phenolic content (196.49±16.08 GAE mg/100 mL) than control (no inulin added) and final radical scavenging activity of 46.84±0.17% DPPH inhibition after day 2 fermentation.

Biography:
Yien Yien Ong is an Associate dean in the Department of Bioscience under Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC), Malaysia. She obtained her PhD degree in Fermentation Technology in 2014 from UPM. Her research interest is in probiotic fermentation of plant-based juice, probiotic microencapsulation and food product development in probiotic products.

Probiotic Candidates Finding from Native Chickenʼs Gut

Bahman Navidshad1* and Maryam Royan2

1University of Mohagegh Ardabili, Iran
2North Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Iran

In a screening procedure, Gram positive and catalase negative rod-shaped bacterial strains were selected from intestine of native chickens of Iran. From the isolated bacteria which passed the acid and bile tolerance tests, 14 Lactobacillus reuteri isolates were also passed the tests of antibiotics susceptibility and effect on Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium. Four isolated bacteria were showed the best results of viability and effect on photogenes. The selected candidate probiotics entered in a broiler chicken assay. The effect on the birds live weight were +11, 0, +6 and +6 percent for A, B, C and D isolates of Lactobacillus reuteri, respectively. All the tested groups had a lower feed intake and better feed conversion ratio than the control group. The observed changes were -6, -10, -11 and -7 percent for total feed intake and -15, -10, -17 and -13 percent for feed conversion ratio of A, B, C and D isolates, respectively. The results suggest all the isolated probiotic candidates had promising effect on the performance of broiler chickens and the isolate labeled as A, was more superior.

Biography:
Dr. Bahman Navidshad is an Associate Professor and graduated from the University of Tehran with PhD in poultry Nutrition. He worked for University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran for 15 years.

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