International Journal of Biotechnology and Recent Advances

ISSN: 2639-4529

International Biotechnology and Research Conference

April 25-27, 2018, Rome, Italy
Keynote Session Abstracts
DOI: 10.18689/2639-4529.a1.001

Cold-active lipases: Characterization and Structure Elucidation

Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman*, Wahhida Latif, Nor Hafizah Ahmad Kamaruddin, Adam Leow Thean Chor, Mohd Shukuri Mohamed Ali and Fairolniza Mohd Shariff

Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia

Nature has designed lipase to be one of the great catalysts. The bacterial lipases display the highest versatility, reactivity and stability in the organic solvents. The ability of lipases to catalyse many reactions apart from hydrolysis reveals the potentials to be employed in various industrial chemical processes. Stability of lipases in organic solvents is an extra, unique feature where enzymatic reactions in organic media provide many advantages compared to aqueous reactions. To maximize its full biocatalytic potentials, the understanding on the biochemical and structural features of this class of enzyme are imperative. Therefore, research was conducted to isolate, express, characterize and determine the structure of lipase from an Antarctic and local bacteria via in silico and crystallographic approaches. Lipases from Antarctic organism such as Pseudomonas sp. AMS3 and Glaciozymaantarctica were characterized and their structure solved. In addition, cold- active lipase from Staphylococcus sp. AT2 was isolated and characterized. Literature shows that most of the organic solvent stable bacterial lipases are produced by Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp., but very few from Staphylococcus sp. AT2 lipase is originated from Staphylococcus epidermidis AT2 and this enzyme is the first purified recombinant solvent tolerant lipase from S. epidermidis so far. Besides being stable in various organic solvents, AT2 lipase is active at cold-temperature, another unique industrial property for reduction of energy consumptions, fine chemical synthesis and other applications.

Biography:
Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd. Rahman obtained her Doctor of Engineering in Molecular Biology from Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan in 1998. She is currently the Professor and Head of Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Raja Noor Zaliha is without any doubt a dedicated researcher, project leader and graduate advisor. This is reflected in the number of Top Down research projects that she has contributed to either as project leader or principal investigator as well as the number of international publications of high impact which are often cited by international investigators. In recognition of her scientific findings, she has been awarded patents, prizes and commendations and has derived personal satisfaction from the success of her graduate students, her participation on national and international governmental projects and not least, having a bacterial species named after her.

The CITAS Story on a Multidisciplinary Approach in Disease Detection in Agriculture for Developing Countries

Maria Regina Justina Estuar

Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines

In 2013, the Philippine California Advanced Research Institute (PCARI) was established with the goal of providing opportunities for advanced research to be established in the Philippines. The Cloud based Intelligent Total Analysis System has been developed as a platform that collects, analyses, models and visualizes results obtained from wireless sensor networks and mobile microscopy. CITAS provides a Smart Farm approach to address the problem of Fusarium Oxysporum Cubense s.p. TR4, more commonly called Panama Wilt, a fungal pathogen that affects cavendish cultivars and is becoming widespread in banana farms in the Philippines.

Biography:
Maria Regina is a Fulltime Professor at the Department of Information Systems and Computer Science, Ateneo de Manila University. She currently manages two laboratories: Ateneo Java Wireless Competency Center and the Ateneo Social Computing Science Laboratory where research focus is on in the design and development of social, mobile and wireless systems to understand and model collective behavior and capacity. She teaches Social Computing, Information Systems for Disaster and Health.

Polysaccharide Bacterial Toxins as Anticancer Agents

Roger A Laine

Louisiana State University, USA

Busch, (1866, 1868), observed sarcoma patients with nosocomial erysipelas had spontaneous regression of tumors. Intentionally infection of sarcoma patients with erysipelas, showed regression of tumors in patients. Fehleisen, (1882) identified the erysipelas organism Streptococcus erysipelatos (S. pyogenes), repeated Buschʼs observations, deliberately infecting cancer patients with injections of S. erysipelatos, finding tumor reduction in 7 of 7 cases. Bruns, (1888), described 3 out of 5 permanent cures of malignancies with erysipelas infections. Roger, (1892) in France, enhanced virulence of erysipelas streptococcus by co-injection in rabbits with Serratia marcescens,. W. B. Coley (1893, 1896, 1909, 1910) used heat killed cultures of both organisms commonly referred to as “Coleyʼs Toxin” for his treatments. “Coleyʼs Toxin” achieved clinical successes by Coley and others into the 1930ʼs. In the 1980ʼs Hellerqvist, Sundell, et al. isolated polysaccharide toxin from Group B Streptococcus, the causative agent of “Early Onset Disease” in humans. A potent 300kDa polysaccharide from GBS culture filtrate, was protein, LPS free containing lipid and phosphate. (Hellerqvist, 2002). GBS Toxin caused tumor specific capillary damage and tumor regression in rodents, and in a successful Phase I clinical trial in volunteer stage 4 humans (DeVore, et al. 1997), with 33% effectivity. A binding receptor 55kda protein (SP55) (Fu, et al., 2002) was found in humans encoded by the SLC17A5 gene. This receptor was found to be expressed on all tested human tumors in capillary endothelium. A Phase II trial is planned, and a canine cancer trial is in progress.

Biography:
Roger A Laine was an Assistant and Associate Professor in University of Kentucky-Medical in Lexington. Currently he is a Professor and Chair of the Department of Biochemistry in Louisiana State University. He was Chief Scientist in Glycomed, Inc., San Francisco, and Founder of biotechnology companies Anomeric, Inc., TumorEnd, LLC (www.tumorend.com), Citrazone, LLC, Enzomeric, LLC, and partner in Glycon, LLC, and has authored 150 publications, and 28 patents.

Tumor Extracellular Matrix Microenvironment, Role of Macrophages

Henry Lopez

Riptide Bioscience, USA

Many solid tumors contain more fibroblasts and macrophages than tumor cells. The tumor cells secrete factors which attract monocytes to the tumor and also other cytokines which polarize the monocytes to an alternate phenotype (M2/TAMs) which is growth promoting, anti-inflammatory and attracts fibroblasts and endothelial cells to the tumor. Interestingly both chemotherapy and radiation therapy strongly increase M2/TAM numbers in the tumor and probably enhance tumor resistance to these therapies. I and my colleagues have been working with some synthetic peptides which target CD206 which is greatly enriched on M2 and TAMs and induce both repolarization to the M1 Inflammatory phenotype and also kills many M2/TAMs. This is associated with an increase in response to chemotherapy, a decline in cancer stem cells, decline in checkpoint inhibitors and an increased immune attack on the tumor.

The peptides have not been found to be toxic to the host, even when given at much higher concentrations than used to treat tumor bearing mice

Biography:
Henry Lopez is a founder, CEO/CSO of MuriGenics, Inc. which is a preclinical contract research organization working with national and international companies, located in Vallejo, California. Prior to this he worked with many Northern California biotechnology companies such as Pfizer, Parke-Davis, GeneNetworks, Glycomed, Xoma and Cetus.
In 2012 he founded Riptide Bioscience (Senior Vice President) a synthetic peptide company focusing on immunomodulation and antimicrobials. Have licensed out one peptide to Pharma for treating pancreatic cancer- working partner has been the NCI for the last 4 years.
He received PhD from the University College London –Royal Free Hospital.

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